在不同草料补贴条件下接受补饲的内洛尔小母牛:对饲料特性、性能、生理和繁殖的影响

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.animal.2024.101260
I.M. Ferreira , B.G.C. Homem , K.A. Oliveira , I.A. Cidrini , M.J.I. Abreu , L.H.C. Batista , A.N. Rodrigues , A.C.M. Queiroz , G.H.M. Bisio , L.F. Prados , M.H. Moretti , G.R. Siqueira , F.D. Resende
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在巴西,母牛通常在 36-48 个月时产犊。由于对肉类的高需求和降低屠宰年龄的需要,高补饲已成为肉牛养殖业的普遍做法。然而,关于背景阶段放牧管理对年轻内洛尔母牛的生产力和繁殖效率的影响的研究文献仍然很少。本研究旨在评估两种牧草补贴(HA)对替代内洛尔小母牛的牧草特性、性能、生理和繁殖参数的影响。将 90 头断奶小母牛[169 ± 19 千克缩水体重(SBW);210 ± 28 日龄]按初始体重分群,随机分配到不同的 HA 中:(1) 高草料补贴(HHA:7.2 千克 DM/ 千克体重)和(2) 低草料补贴(LHA:3.3 千克 DM/ 千克体重);并分成 6 个围场,共 12 个围场。实验期分为生长期(D173)和繁殖期(D83)。采用连续放养,放养率可变。补充剂每天提供,预计摄入量约为每公斤体重 10 克。与LHA牧草相比,HHA牧草在研究期间表现出更高的冠层高度值、更高的HA值以及更低的CP值和CP:体外可消化DM比值(P≤0.05)。与HHA牧草相比,LHA牧草的垃圾量和绿茎比例较低(P < 0.01),而绿叶(克/千克DM)和衰老茎比例(克/千克DM)较高(P = 0.080)。与饲养在LHA牧场的母牛相比,饲养在HHA牧场的母牛平均日增重(P <0.01)、饲料摄入量(P <0.003)、SBW(P <0.01)、Longissimus面积(P <0.01)和第12肋脂肪厚度(P <0.01)更高。HHA处理的母牛在D173日达到成熟体重的比例(P = 0.027)和青春期怀孕母牛的比例(P = 0.042)最大。在LHA牧场饲养的母牛血液尿素氮(P = 0.002)较高。在HHA牧场饲养的母牛显示出较高的UGT1A6(P = 0.004)和IGFBP3(P = 0.072)mRNA相对丰度值。使用 HHA 标准提高了动物的饲料摄入量、体增重和胴体属性,从而改善了 Nellore 母牛的繁殖性能。
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Replacement Nellore heifers receiving supplementation under different herbage allowance: effects on forage characteristics, performance, physiology, and reproduction

In Brazil, heifers typically calve at 36–48 months. Due to the high demand for meat and the need to reduce slaughter age, high supplementation has become commonly used in beef cattle farming. However, the literature remains scarce on studies that explore the impact of grazing management during the background phase on the productivity and reproductive efficiency of young Nellore heifers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two-herbage allowances (HA) on forage characteristics, performance, physiology and reproductive parameters of replacement Nellore heifers. Ninety weaned heifers [169 ± 19 kg of shrunk body weight (SBW); 210 ± 28 days of age] were blocked by initial BW and randomly assigned to receive different HA: (1) High herbage allowance (HHA: 7.2 kg DM/kg BW) and (2) Low herbage allowance (LHA: 3.3 kg DM/kg BW); and divided into six paddocks, totaling 12 paddocks. The experimental period was divided into the growing phase (D173) and the reproductive season (D83). Continuous stocking with a variable stocking rate was used. The supplement was provided daily with expected intake of around 10 g/kg of BW. The HHA pasture showed greater values of canopy height, greater HA, and lower values of CP and CP: in vitro digestible DM ratio than the LHA pasture over the days of the study (P ≤ 0.05). Herbage mass and the green stem proportion were lower in LHA pasture (P < 0.01), while the green leaf (g/kg DM) and senescent stem proportions (g/kg DM) were higher (P = 0.080) when compared to HHA pasture. Heifers maintained on HHA pasture had a higher average daily gain (P < 0.01), forage intake (P < 0.003), higher SBW (P < 0.01), Longissimus area (P < 0.01), and 12th-rib fat thickness (P < 0.01) than those kept in the LHA pasture. The proportion of heifers that reached the weight at maturity on D173 (P = 0.027) and the proportion of pubertal pregnancy heifers (P = 0.042) were greatest in the HHA treatment. The blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.002) was higher in heifers maintained in the LHA pasture. Heifers maintained in HHA pasture showed higher values of relative abundance of mRNA for UGT1A6 (P = 0.004) and IGFBP3 (P = 0.072). The use of HHA criteria increased forage intake, body gain, and carcass attributes of animals, which led to better reproductive performance of Nellore heifers.

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来源期刊
Animal
Animal 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.80%
发文量
246
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Editorial board animal attracts the best research in animal biology and animal systems from across the spectrum of the agricultural, biomedical, and environmental sciences. It is the central element in an exciting collaboration between the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP) and represents a merging of three scientific journals: Animal Science; Animal Research; Reproduction, Nutrition, Development. animal publishes original cutting-edge research, ''hot'' topics and horizon-scanning reviews on animal-related aspects of the life sciences at the molecular, cellular, organ, whole animal and production system levels. The main subject areas include: breeding and genetics; nutrition; physiology and functional biology of systems; behaviour, health and welfare; farming systems, environmental impact and climate change; product quality, human health and well-being. Animal models and papers dealing with the integration of research between these topics and their impact on the environment and people are particularly welcome.
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