低层高密度地区小型城市线性公园设计的降温效果探索:首尔京义线森林公园案例

IF 6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI:10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128461
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引用次数: 0

摘要

各种类型的城市公园为缓解城市热岛提供了基于自然的解决方案,城市公园的降温效果已得到广泛研究。然而,尽管小型线性公园因其独特的形式和特点被认为具有很高的降温效率,但基于可量化单位的小型线性公园案例却很少。本研究以韩国首尔最长的城市公园--京义线森林公园为例,考察了低层和高密度地区城市线性公园(LP)的降温效果,重点研究了与公园设计相关的影响因素。在公园内外进行了热条件模拟和实地测量,包括热舒适度评估。随着树木覆盖率的增加,公园扩展区的热变量持续下降,平均辐射温度(MRT)最高下降 11.25°C,生理当量温度(PET)最高下降 5.84°C。在一天中最热的时段,平均辐射温度的降温强度达到 12°C,平行风进一步增强了降温效果。此外,还研究了与相邻街道类型有关的 LP 冷却效应,在较窄的街道上,LP 冷却效应似乎更为明显。在邻近街道上种植高大乔木,以及将公园的冷气流与行道树走廊连接起来等策略,可能有助于加强 LP 的冷却效果。虽然直接比较的结果有限,但初步研究结果表明,小型城市线性公园在特定条件下具有显著的降温潜力,可能与其他类似规模的小型城市公园相当,甚至超过后者,这还需要进一步研究。
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Explorations on cooling effect of small urban linear park design in low-rise, high-density district: The case of Gyeongui line forest park in Seoul

Various types of urban parks provide a nature-based solution for mitigating urban heat islands and the cooling effect of urban parks has been extensively studied. However, there is a scarcity of cases involving small linear parks based on quantifiable unit, despite the expectation of their high cooling efficiency due to their unique form and characteristics. This study examined the cooling effect of urban linear park (LP) in low-rise and high-density districts with the longest urban park case in Seoul, South Korea, Gyeongui Line Forest Park, focusing on the influential factors related to park design. Thermal condition simulations and field measurements, including evaluations of thermal comfort, were conducted both inside and outside the LP. Park extensions with increased tree coverage ratio exhibit a consistent decline in thermal variables, with reductions of up to 11.25°C for mean radiant temperature (MRT), and 5.84°C for physiological equivalent temperature (PET). Peak cooling intensities are observed during the hottest time of day at 12 °C for MRT, with parallel wind further enhancing the cooling effect. In addition, LP cooling effect related to adjacent street types was investigated and appeared to be more pronounced in narrower streets. Strategies such as adding tall trees along adjacent streets and connecting cold airflows from the park to a street tree corridor may help to strengthen LP’s cooling effect. While direct comparisons are limited, initial findings suggest that small urban linear parks under specific conditions have significant cooling potential, possibly comparable to or exceeding that of other similar-sized small urban parks, needing further investigation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
12.50%
发文量
289
审稿时长
70 days
期刊介绍: Urban Forestry and Urban Greening is a refereed, international journal aimed at presenting high-quality research with urban and peri-urban woody and non-woody vegetation and its use, planning, design, establishment and management as its main topics. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening concentrates on all tree-dominated (as joint together in the urban forest) as well as other green resources in and around urban areas, such as woodlands, public and private urban parks and gardens, urban nature areas, street tree and square plantations, botanical gardens and cemeteries. The journal welcomes basic and applied research papers, as well as review papers and short communications. Contributions should focus on one or more of the following aspects: -Form and functions of urban forests and other vegetation, including aspects of urban ecology. -Policy-making, planning and design related to urban forests and other vegetation. -Selection and establishment of tree resources and other vegetation for urban environments. -Management of urban forests and other vegetation. Original contributions of a high academic standard are invited from a wide range of disciplines and fields, including forestry, biology, horticulture, arboriculture, landscape ecology, pathology, soil science, hydrology, landscape architecture, landscape planning, urban planning and design, economics, sociology, environmental psychology, public health, and education.
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