Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128675
Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, Emily Piontek, Shuangyu Xu
Urban greenspaces contribute to the social and ecological functioning of cities through ecosystem services (ES) but are also associated with ecosystem disservices (EDS), such as allergens and nuisance animals. Although shrinking cities are a growing global phenomenon, limited research has examined residents’ perceptions of ES and EDS in these contexts, despite this understanding being crucial for transforming these cities to improve residents’ quality of life. This study investigated residents’ perceptions of ES and EDS in neighborhood greenspaces in the shrinking city of St. Louis, MO, USA, and the factors influencing these perceptions. An online survey of residences who had visited their neighborhood greenspaces at least once in the past 12 months (n = 521) was conducted, with an oversample of low-income respondents to ensure representation of St. Louis’s diverse population. Findings indicate that perceptions of ES were influences by the perceived occurrence of these services, the quantity of nearby greenspaces, and various sociodemographic characteristics. Notably, Black and female respondents expressed higher concerns regarding EDS, highlighting the need for greenspace management to address potential disservices that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. These insights underscore the importance of equitable greenspace distribution and management that considers socio-demographic diversity, historic inequalities, and resident perceptions of ES and EDS. The findings provide valuable guidance for future urban greenspace planning and management in shrinking cities to foster inclusive and resilient urban environments.
{"title":"Perceptions of ecosystem services and disservices in urban greenspaces: Insights from a shrinking city","authors":"Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, Emily Piontek, Shuangyu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128675","url":null,"abstract":"Urban greenspaces contribute to the social and ecological functioning of cities through ecosystem services (ES) but are also associated with ecosystem disservices (EDS), such as allergens and nuisance animals. Although shrinking cities are a growing global phenomenon, limited research has examined residents’ perceptions of ES and EDS in these contexts, despite this understanding being crucial for transforming these cities to improve residents’ quality of life. This study investigated residents’ perceptions of ES and EDS in neighborhood greenspaces in the shrinking city of St. Louis, MO, USA, and the factors influencing these perceptions. An online survey of residences who had visited their neighborhood greenspaces at least once in the past 12 months (n = 521) was conducted, with an oversample of low-income respondents to ensure representation of St. Louis’s diverse population. Findings indicate that perceptions of ES were influences by the perceived occurrence of these services, the quantity of nearby greenspaces, and various sociodemographic characteristics. Notably, Black and female respondents expressed higher concerns regarding EDS, highlighting the need for greenspace management to address potential disservices that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. These insights underscore the importance of equitable greenspace distribution and management that considers socio-demographic diversity, historic inequalities, and resident perceptions of ES and EDS. The findings provide valuable guidance for future urban greenspace planning and management in shrinking cities to foster inclusive and resilient urban environments.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128681
Youpei Hu, Qiang Sun, Tong Wu, Yanyi Zhu
The park cooling island (PCI) spreads to the downwind direction of the green park under the dominant wind, bringing a cooling effect to the downwind urban area. This phenomenon offers potential to alleviate urban heat during hot summers. In this study, Nanjing is selected as the case city to investigate the PCI phenomenon and its appropriate dispersion range. First, we proposed a new hypothesis on the primary factor influencing PCI dispersion, based on our prior research and an extensive review. Subsequently, PCI dispersion data were obtained through a rigorous process encompassing the calibration of the research tool, the modeling of park samples, and the simulation of PCI dispersion by ENVI-met software. The hypothesis is evaluated and proven through statistical analysis of the PCI dispersion data and verification work: there is a strong correlation between park depth on the windward side and PCI dispersion distance, which can be quantitatively defined as a set of formulas. The formulas set allow for a simple and efficient delimitation of the PCI's ideal dispersion range, which may be useful for urban planners and designers.
{"title":"The ideal dispersion range of park cooling island in summer time","authors":"Youpei Hu, Qiang Sun, Tong Wu, Yanyi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128681","url":null,"abstract":"The park cooling island (PCI) spreads to the downwind direction of the green park under the dominant wind, bringing a cooling effect to the downwind urban area. This phenomenon offers potential to alleviate urban heat during hot summers. In this study, Nanjing is selected as the case city to investigate the PCI phenomenon and its appropriate dispersion range. First, we proposed a new hypothesis on the primary factor influencing PCI dispersion, based on our prior research and an extensive review. Subsequently, PCI dispersion data were obtained through a rigorous process encompassing the calibration of the research tool, the modeling of park samples, and the simulation of PCI dispersion by ENVI-met software. The hypothesis is evaluated and proven through statistical analysis of the PCI dispersion data and verification work: there is a strong correlation between park depth on the windward side and PCI dispersion distance, which can be quantitatively defined as a set of formulas. The formulas set allow for a simple and efficient delimitation of the PCI's ideal dispersion range, which may be useful for urban planners and designers.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128677
Tao He, Enzai Du, Xueyi Yang, Yuying Guo, Nan Xia, Wim de Vries
Street trees provide essential ecosystem services and are subject to large inputs of anthropogenic-sourced elements and frequent management operations. However, a systematic understanding of the elemental composition in street tree leaves and topsoil is still lacking. Based on a field survey across urban-rural gradients in a subtropical city (Chengdu) of China, we explored the spatial patterns of ten elements (i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr)) in street tree leaves and in topsoil (0–10 cm) as well as their key drivers. Our results indicate that leaf N, P, K, and Al contents as well as topsoil N, P, and Al contents showed a significant increase toward the central urban area. In contrast, no significant spatial trends were found for other elements across the urban-rural gradients. The first principal component of leaf elemental composition (mainly explained by N, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Al contents) and the second principal component of topsoil elemental composition (mainly explained by P, K, Mg, Fe, and Al contents) both increased significantly toward the central urban area. Unexpectedly, leaf and topsoil elemental composition showed no significant correlations with each other. Our findings demonstrate distinctive spatial patterns of the elemental composition of leaf and topsoil for street trees across urban-rural gradients and highlight a decoupling between leaf and topsoil element composition in the street tree systems. These results improve our understanding of how urbanization reshapes the pattern of biogeochemical cycling and provide a baseline for better nutrient management in the street tree systems.
{"title":"Urban-rural shifts in elemental composition in leaves and topsoil of street trees in a subtropical city of China","authors":"Tao He, Enzai Du, Xueyi Yang, Yuying Guo, Nan Xia, Wim de Vries","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128677","url":null,"abstract":"Street trees provide essential ecosystem services and are subject to large inputs of anthropogenic-sourced elements and frequent management operations. However, a systematic understanding of the elemental composition in street tree leaves and topsoil is still lacking. Based on a field survey across urban-rural gradients in a subtropical city (Chengdu) of China, we explored the spatial patterns of ten elements (i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr)) in street tree leaves and in topsoil (0–10 cm) as well as their key drivers. Our results indicate that leaf N, P, K, and Al contents as well as topsoil N, P, and Al contents showed a significant increase toward the central urban area. In contrast, no significant spatial trends were found for other elements across the urban-rural gradients. The first principal component of leaf elemental composition (mainly explained by N, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Al contents) and the second principal component of topsoil elemental composition (mainly explained by P, K, Mg, Fe, and Al contents) both increased significantly toward the central urban area. Unexpectedly, leaf and topsoil elemental composition showed no significant correlations with each other. Our findings demonstrate distinctive spatial patterns of the elemental composition of leaf and topsoil for street trees across urban-rural gradients and highlight a decoupling between leaf and topsoil element composition in the street tree systems. These results improve our understanding of how urbanization reshapes the pattern of biogeochemical cycling and provide a baseline for better nutrient management in the street tree systems.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128668
Valeria-Carolin Cuenca, Helen V.S. Cole, Margarita Triguero-Mas
Natural outdoor environments (NOE) provide health benefits; meanwhile, gentrification and touristification can be detrimental to health equity by modifying who benefits from NOE. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated gender-based health inequities and changed the use of NOE, while it also affected the course of neighborhood gentrification and touristification. We carried out a cross-sectional study in Barcelona to test whether changes in the use of NOE were related to women’s health and if perceived gentrification/touristification modified these associations. We found that maintained or increased use of NOE (particularly those closest to one’s residence) was significantly associated with lower odds of reporting poor general and mental health. Perceived gentrification and touristification were not effect modifiers of the associations. Our results indicate that contact with NOE should be promoted during pandemics like COVID-19.
室外自然环境（NOE）对健康有益；与此同时，城市化和旅游化可能会改变从室外自然环境中受益的人群，从而不利于健康公平。COVID-19 大流行加剧了基于性别的健康不平等，改变了人们对户外自然环境的使用，同时也影响了社区的城市化和旅游化进程。我们在巴塞罗那开展了一项横断面研究，以检验使用 NOE 的变化是否与女性健康有关，以及所感知到的城市化/旅游化是否改变了这些关联。我们发现，保持或增加使用 NOE（尤其是那些离居住地最近的 NOE）与报告总体和心理健康状况不佳的几率较低有很大关系。所认为的城市化和旅游化并不是这些关联的效果调节因素。我们的研究结果表明，在 COVID-19 等流行病期间，应促进与 NOE 的接触。
{"title":"Changes in use of natural outdoor environments and health of women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Valeria-Carolin Cuenca, Helen V.S. Cole, Margarita Triguero-Mas","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128668","url":null,"abstract":"Natural outdoor environments (NOE) provide health benefits; meanwhile, gentrification and touristification can be detrimental to health equity by modifying who benefits from NOE. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated gender-based health inequities and changed the use of NOE, while it also affected the course of neighborhood gentrification and touristification. We carried out a cross-sectional study in Barcelona to test whether changes in the use of NOE were related to women’s health and if perceived gentrification/touristification modified these associations. We found that maintained or increased use of NOE (particularly those closest to one’s residence) was significantly associated with lower odds of reporting poor general and mental health. Perceived gentrification and touristification were not effect modifiers of the associations. Our results indicate that contact with NOE should be promoted during pandemics like COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128672
Johanna Jääskeläinen, Samuli Junttila, Hannah O’Sullivan, Yan Cheng, Stéphanie Horion, Mikko Vastaranta
Increased tree mortality rates have been observed worldwide in connection to climate warming-related processes, such as drought, heat, fire, and insect pest outbreaks. An understanding of the drivers of tree mortality during the Anthropocene is urgently needed to estimate forest vulnerability in a warmer climate. In this study, we assessed the drivers of tree mortality in an urban recreational boreal forest area in Helsinki, Finland, of approximately 830 ha, where increased tree mortality rates have been recently observed. A time series of aerial images was used to quantify tree mortality over the area to detect dead trees from 2005 to 2021 at seven timestamps. In total, 6008 dead trees were observed from the aerial images collected during the monitoring period. Forest environmental and climatic variables were used to explore the tree mortality drivers for individual trees and tree communities using logistic regression and correlation analysis. Our results showed that drought-related variables, i.e., the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index and the Palmer drought severity index, were linked with increased tree mortality rates. We found that the stand-level basal area predicted tree mortality risk and was linked to site type; smaller basal area stands were located on rocky dry soils, resulting in a greater probability of tree mortality. We also observed that trees at high elevations or on steep slopes showed a greater mortality risk. Our results can increase the understanding of tree mortality in urban areas and help the planning of built and green areas in a changing climate.
{"title":"Quantifying the drivers of tree mortality: A case study from urban recreational boreal forest","authors":"Johanna Jääskeläinen, Samuli Junttila, Hannah O’Sullivan, Yan Cheng, Stéphanie Horion, Mikko Vastaranta","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128672","url":null,"abstract":"Increased tree mortality rates have been observed worldwide in connection to climate warming-related processes, such as drought, heat, fire, and insect pest outbreaks. An understanding of the drivers of tree mortality during the Anthropocene is urgently needed to estimate forest vulnerability in a warmer climate. In this study, we assessed the drivers of tree mortality in an urban recreational boreal forest area in Helsinki, Finland, of approximately 830 ha, where increased tree mortality rates have been recently observed. A time series of aerial images was used to quantify tree mortality over the area to detect dead trees from 2005 to 2021 at seven timestamps. In total, 6008 dead trees were observed from the aerial images collected during the monitoring period. Forest environmental and climatic variables were used to explore the tree mortality drivers for individual trees and tree communities using logistic regression and correlation analysis. Our results showed that drought-related variables, i.e., the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index and the Palmer drought severity index, were linked with increased tree mortality rates. We found that the stand-level basal area predicted tree mortality risk and was linked to site type; smaller basal area stands were located on rocky dry soils, resulting in a greater probability of tree mortality. We also observed that trees at high elevations or on steep slopes showed a greater mortality risk. Our results can increase the understanding of tree mortality in urban areas and help the planning of built and green areas in a changing climate.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the Industrial Revolution, global urbanization has expanded rapidly, leading to serious implications for human well-being and biodiversity. The rapid construction of cities has resulted in significant habitat loss, especially in the context of anticipated climate changes. Identifying trends in forest restoration in urban areas can contribute to implementing adaptive and mitigating measures that support future public policies. Using the PRISMA method, this study aimed to identify scientific articles describing restoration approaches in urban forests, focusing on trends that facilitate model development in urban regions facing rising temperatures and droughts. Our results show that, despite convergence favoring ecological restoration in urban areas, the scientific knowledge supporting model development is still in progress. Most reviewed articles focused on countries with temperate forests, while none addressed the tropics. Our results highlight that restoration requires a strategic approach, prioritizing native species and combining local knowledge with scientific expertise. Community involvement and continuous monitoring are crucial to maintaining ecological functions and adapting to rapid climate-related changes occurring globally, especially in the tropical zone. We also emphasize that forest restoration strategies in cities should be incorporated into long-term urban policies and not remain solely within the scope of compensatory actions. This work highlights a gap in forest restoration in urban areas and highlights the importance of countries in tropical regions developing more research with these approaches.
{"title":"Global approaches for ecological restoration in urban environments: A PRISMA review","authors":"Isabella Aparecida Fonseca Bertoleti, Maurício Lamano Ferreira, Eduardo Pereira Cabral Gomes, Elaine Aparecida Rodrigues, Catarina Carvalho Nievola","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128673","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Industrial Revolution, global urbanization has expanded rapidly, leading to serious implications for human well-being and biodiversity. The rapid construction of cities has resulted in significant habitat loss, especially in the context of anticipated climate changes. Identifying trends in forest restoration in urban areas can contribute to implementing adaptive and mitigating measures that support future public policies. Using the PRISMA method, this study aimed to identify scientific articles describing restoration approaches in urban forests, focusing on trends that facilitate model development in urban regions facing rising temperatures and droughts. Our results show that, despite convergence favoring ecological restoration in urban areas, the scientific knowledge supporting model development is still in progress. Most reviewed articles focused on countries with temperate forests, while none addressed the tropics. Our results highlight that restoration requires a strategic approach, prioritizing native species and combining local knowledge with scientific expertise. Community involvement and continuous monitoring are crucial to maintaining ecological functions and adapting to rapid climate-related changes occurring globally, especially in the tropical zone. We also emphasize that forest restoration strategies in cities should be incorporated into long-term urban policies and not remain solely within the scope of compensatory actions. This work highlights a gap in forest restoration in urban areas and highlights the importance of countries in tropical regions developing more research with these approaches.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128671
Alexander J.F. Martin, Tenley M. Conway
Environmental injustices are influenced by socio-political and environmental legacies. Urban forest inequalities and inequities are often attributed to drivers like systemic racism and segregation. However, in recent decades, invasive pests and pathogens have substantially changed urban forests. It is not known how these invasive pests and pathogens act as a driver of urban forest inequalities and inequities. At the western range of Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma spp.) and emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), we examined how the loss of localized street tree monocultures of elm (Ulmus spp.) and ash (Fraxinus spp.) will result in changes to distributional justice. We examined street tree count and basal area distributions, applying the Gini Index and spatial autoregression to measure inequality and inequity, respectively, under current conditions and hypothetical pest-induced loss scenarios. Findings reveal that DED-related elm losses could improve distributional equality, likely due to the high density of elm in already greener areas, while EAB-related losses of ash could increase inequalities. Street tree losses to both DED and EAB dampen the magnitude of distributional inequities, but the inequities remain present in areas of high residential instability, economic dependency, and ethno-cultural composition. Our results indicate that pest-induced urban forest losses do not merely reduce canopy cover but may reshape distributional equality and equity in ways that align with socioeconomic disparities. This research highlights the need to incorporate principles of environmental justice in pest management approaches and replanting efforts, particularly prioritizing systemically marginalized communities. These findings underscore the critical role of diversity and strategic planning in urban forest resilience, advocating for practices that mitigate the social and ecological impacts of invasive pests and pathogens.
{"title":"Invasive pests and pathogens as potential drivers of urban forest distributional inequalities and inequities","authors":"Alexander J.F. Martin, Tenley M. Conway","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128671","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental injustices are influenced by socio-political and environmental legacies. Urban forest inequalities and inequities are often attributed to drivers like systemic racism and segregation. However, in recent decades, invasive pests and pathogens have substantially changed urban forests. It is not known how these invasive pests and pathogens act as a driver of urban forest inequalities and inequities. At the western range of Dutch elm disease (<ce:italic>Ophiostoma</ce:italic> spp.) and emerald ash borer (<ce:italic>Agrilus planipennis</ce:italic>), we examined how the loss of localized street tree monocultures of elm (<ce:italic>Ulmus</ce:italic> spp.) and ash (<ce:italic>Fraxinus</ce:italic> spp.) will result in changes to distributional justice. We examined street tree count and basal area distributions, applying the Gini Index and spatial autoregression to measure inequality and inequity, respectively, under current conditions and hypothetical pest-induced loss scenarios. Findings reveal that DED-related elm losses could improve distributional equality, likely due to the high density of elm in already greener areas, while EAB-related losses of ash could increase inequalities. Street tree losses to both DED and EAB dampen the magnitude of distributional inequities, but the inequities remain present in areas of high residential instability, economic dependency, and ethno-cultural composition. Our results indicate that pest-induced urban forest losses do not merely reduce canopy cover but may reshape distributional equality and equity in ways that align with socioeconomic disparities. This research highlights the need to incorporate principles of environmental justice in pest management approaches and replanting efforts, particularly prioritizing systemically marginalized communities. These findings underscore the critical role of diversity and strategic planning in urban forest resilience, advocating for practices that mitigate the social and ecological impacts of invasive pests and pathogens.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128669
Phakhawat Thaweepworadej, Karl L. Evans
Urban trees are crucial for biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. It is unclear if sites where trees support more biodiversity and have greater contributions to ecosystem service provision have greater rates of tree loss, or are better protected. We assess this in an expanding tropical mega-city (Bangkok, Thailand), using data from 150 1-km2 cells, selected across the urbanisation gradient. We quantify rates of tree-cover loss/gain between 2018 and 2022, and associations with sites’ biodiversity value (native tree and avian species richness), ecosystem services (carbon storage, human food production capacity) and economic value (following regulations enabling trees to be used as collateral in financial loans – which may incentivise landowners to retain trees). Surveys were conducted at randomised points and in the largest woodland within each cell. Randomised points lost ∼10 % tree-cover with greater loss at more urbanised sites. Woodland points lost ∼20 % tree-cover, with the greater loss at sites with intermediate urbanisation intensity. Loss was lower at sites with higher native tree, but not bird, species richness. Sites where trees stored more carbon tended to lose less tree-cover (randomised points, marginally significant) or have a lower probability of losing tree-cover (woodland points). Tree-cover loss was not related to site’s capacity to provide food for people. Sites where trees had greater value as collateral for financial loans lost slightly less tree-cover at randomised, but not woodland, points. Without this policy tree-cover loss rates may thus be even higher. Bangkok is rapidly losing tree-cover, including at sites with high biodiversity and ecosystem service values. These losses reverse gains in urban tree-cover earlier in the 21st century, and coincide with 2019 changes in the Forest Act enabling private landowners to remove trees on their land. Without effective policy change, the rapid loss of urban tree-cover will continue to negatively impact Bangkok’s biodiversity and people.
{"title":"Tree-cover dynamics in a rapidly urbanising tropical mega-city – Are trees of greater biodiversity and ecosystem service value less likely to be lost?","authors":"Phakhawat Thaweepworadej, Karl L. Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128669","url":null,"abstract":"Urban trees are crucial for biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. It is unclear if sites where trees support more biodiversity and have greater contributions to ecosystem service provision have greater rates of tree loss, or are better protected. We assess this in an expanding tropical mega-city (Bangkok, Thailand), using data from 150 1-km<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> cells, selected across the urbanisation gradient. We quantify rates of tree-cover loss/gain between 2018 and 2022, and associations with sites’ biodiversity value (native tree and avian species richness), ecosystem services (carbon storage, human food production capacity) and economic value (following regulations enabling trees to be used as collateral in financial loans – which may incentivise landowners to retain trees). Surveys were conducted at randomised points and in the largest woodland within each cell. Randomised points lost ∼10 % tree-cover with greater loss at more urbanised sites. Woodland points lost ∼20 % tree-cover, with the greater loss at sites with intermediate urbanisation intensity. Loss was lower at sites with higher native tree, but not bird, species richness. Sites where trees stored more carbon tended to lose less tree-cover (randomised points, marginally significant) or have a lower probability of losing tree-cover (woodland points). Tree-cover loss was not related to site’s capacity to provide food for people. Sites where trees had greater value as collateral for financial loans lost slightly less tree-cover at randomised, but not woodland, points. Without this policy tree-cover loss rates may thus be even higher. Bangkok is rapidly losing tree-cover, including at sites with high biodiversity and ecosystem service values. These losses reverse gains in urban tree-cover earlier in the 21st century, and coincide with 2019 changes in the Forest Act enabling private landowners to remove trees on their land. Without effective policy change, the rapid loss of urban tree-cover will continue to negatively impact Bangkok’s biodiversity and people.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"32 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128660
Alba Marquez-Torres, Sudeshna Kumar, Celina Aznarez, G. Darrel Jenerette
Rapid urbanization, coupled with climate change, has intensified the need for effective urban heat mitigation strategies. Urban green and blue infrastructure (UGBI), including green spaces and water bodies, plays a key role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and promoting urban resilience. This study analyzed 4617 urban green spaces (UGS) across twelve U.S. cities, representing a range of Köppen climate zones, to explore the structural and functional attributes that contribute to urban cooling. Using GIS and Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM), we examined the interactions between UGS and blue spaces to better understand their combined effect on local temperature regulation. Our findings underscore the importance of vegetation density, proximity to water, and park size in reducing land surface temperature (LST), with average LST reductions of up to 3 °C in parks with denser vegetation. Greener parks, located near water bodies, were strongly associated with cooler temperatures, emphasizing the synergistic cooling effect of UGBI. Larger parks, particularly those around 350 ha, were more effective at reducing LST. Interestingly, taller buildings adjacent to UGS showed a slight increase in LST until a height of approximately 20 m, after which the effect plateaued. Proximity to water showed a strong cooling effect within 4 kilometers, beyond which the effect diminished and eventually reversed. These findings provide actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers, illustrating how strategic UGBI interventions—especially in cities with high-density urban forms—could reduce local temperatures, mitigate heat-related risks, and enhance urban resilience to climate change.
{"title":"Assessing the cooling potential of green and blue infrastructure from twelve US cities with contrasting climate conditions","authors":"Alba Marquez-Torres, Sudeshna Kumar, Celina Aznarez, G. Darrel Jenerette","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128660","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid urbanization, coupled with climate change, has intensified the need for effective urban heat mitigation strategies. Urban green and blue infrastructure (UGBI), including green spaces and water bodies, plays a key role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and promoting urban resilience. This study analyzed 4617 urban green spaces (UGS) across twelve U.S. cities, representing a range of Köppen climate zones, to explore the structural and functional attributes that contribute to urban cooling. Using GIS and Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM), we examined the interactions between UGS and blue spaces to better understand their combined effect on local temperature regulation. Our findings underscore the importance of vegetation density, proximity to water, and park size in reducing land surface temperature (LST), with average LST reductions of up to 3 °C in parks with denser vegetation. Greener parks, located near water bodies, were strongly associated with cooler temperatures, emphasizing the synergistic cooling effect of UGBI. Larger parks, particularly those around 350 ha, were more effective at reducing LST. Interestingly, taller buildings adjacent to UGS showed a slight increase in LST until a height of approximately 20 m, after which the effect plateaued. Proximity to water showed a strong cooling effect within 4 kilometers, beyond which the effect diminished and eventually reversed. These findings provide actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers, illustrating how strategic UGBI interventions—especially in cities with high-density urban forms—could reduce local temperatures, mitigate heat-related risks, and enhance urban resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128659
Gunjan Sharma, Justin Morgenroth, Daniel R. Richards, Ning Ye
Urban forests support the health and well-being of billions of people living in cities globally. To better manage urban forests, it is crucial to assess their ecosystem services. This systematic review analyzes two established urban forest assessment approaches—i-Tree Eco and remote sensing—which have developed independently but hold significant potential for integration. The review, comprising the years 2008 to 2022, evaluates the current status of both methods in assessing urban forest structure and ecosystem services, highlighting opportunities for synergy. The literature shows that while both approaches primarily focus on regulatory services, remote sensing offers more versatile tools for assessing a broader range of ecosystem services beyond i-Tree's standardized scope. Remote sensing holds potential to enhance i-Tree Eco by providing structural and location-specific data at scale, albeit with varying accuracies. Studies have shown that LiDAR data reliably derives tree height and crown width, and that, in combination with multispectral and hyperspectral imagery, it enhances species identification. Additionally, mobile, and terrestrial laser scanners accurately estimate diameter at breast height. However, gaps remain in using remote sensing to assess crown characteristics like crown missing and dieback, which, though not critical, are useful for enhancing ecosystem service estimates in i-Tree Eco. Despite the potential of remote sensing to automate urban tree inventories, limited research has shown its successful integration with i-Tree Eco. Future research should standardize remote sensing techniques for assessing tree crown health. Additionally, further work is needed on quantifying differences between remote sensing and groundbased measurements, with the aim of evaluating uncertainty levels and understanding how these uncertainties impact the reliability and usefulness of data for policymaking and planning.
{"title":"Advancing urban forest and ecosystem service assessment through the integration of remote sensing and i-Tree Eco: A systematic review","authors":"Gunjan Sharma, Justin Morgenroth, Daniel R. Richards, Ning Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128659","url":null,"abstract":"Urban forests support the health and well-being of billions of people living in cities globally. To better manage urban forests, it is crucial to assess their ecosystem services. This systematic review analyzes two established urban forest assessment approaches—i-Tree Eco and remote sensing—which have developed independently but hold significant potential for integration. The review, comprising the years 2008 to 2022, evaluates the current status of both methods in assessing urban forest structure and ecosystem services, highlighting opportunities for synergy. The literature shows that while both approaches primarily focus on regulatory services, remote sensing offers more versatile tools for assessing a broader range of ecosystem services beyond i-Tree's standardized scope. Remote sensing holds potential to enhance i-Tree Eco by providing structural and location-specific data at scale, albeit with varying accuracies. Studies have shown that LiDAR data reliably derives tree height and crown width, and that, in combination with multispectral and hyperspectral imagery, it enhances species identification. Additionally, mobile, and terrestrial laser scanners accurately estimate diameter at breast height. However, gaps remain in using remote sensing to assess crown characteristics like crown missing and dieback, which, though not critical, are useful for enhancing ecosystem service estimates in i-Tree Eco. Despite the potential of remote sensing to automate urban tree inventories, limited research has shown its successful integration with i-Tree Eco. Future research should standardize remote sensing techniques for assessing tree crown health. Additionally, further work is needed on quantifying differences between remote sensing and groundbased measurements, with the aim of evaluating uncertainty levels and understanding how these uncertainties impact the reliability and usefulness of data for policymaking and planning.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：