探索安尼尼山谷(意大利拉齐奥地区)种植的 Phaeolus vulgaris 陆生品系的分子、形态和生化多样性

IF 5.4 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Current Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI:10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100374
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,普通豆类的种植一直是意大利农村经济不可或缺的一部分,尤其是在亚平宁山脊沿线的山区,其生产主要集中在小农采用低投入方法种植的地方品种上。然而,最近农村社区的社会经济变化对这些土地品种的遗传侵蚀构成了威胁。本研究考察了拉齐奥地区阿尼埃内山谷普通豆类地方品种的遗传多样性、结构和独特性,以制定保护策略。通过形态学(种子性状)、生化(相思豆素和植物血凝素模式)和分子(微卫星位点)分析,对 73 个品种进行了研究。这些分析表明,形态一致的种子材料具有显著的遗传变异性,并突出显示了同种异名和无意中引入外来遗传物质的情况。在分析的 292 个样本中(每个品种四个样本),中美洲基因库和安第斯基因库之间存在明显差异,安第斯基因库占主导地位。尽管同质性很高,种子形态也很一致,但在 21 个地方品种中,有 16 个品种的遗传变异性被检测到,这表明对每个地方品种只分析单株或少数几株植物可能会产生不完整的遗传信息。对安尼尼山谷收集的粗壮罂粟进行广泛的形态、生化和遗传特征描述,为规划有效的保护战略提供了启示。这些发现强调了原地/农场和异地保护对保护这些地方品种的遗传多样性和遗产的重要性。
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Exploring molecular, morphological, and biochemical diversity of Phaeolus vulgaris landraces cultivated in the Aniene Valley (Lazio region, Italy)

The cultivation of common beans has long been integral to rural economies in Italy, particularly in mountainous regions along the Apennine ridge, where the production focuses on local landraces grown by smallholder farmers using low-input methodologies. However, recent socioeconomic changes in rural communities pose a threat of genetic erosion to these landraces. This study examines the genetic diversity, structure, and uniqueness of common bean landraces in the Aniene Valley of the Lazio region to develop preservation strategies. Seventy-three accessions were investigated using morphological (seed traits), biochemical (phaseolin and phytohemagglutinin patterns), and molecular (microsatellite loci) analyses. These analyses revealed significant genetic variability within morphologically uniform seed materials and highlighted cases of homonymy and the inadvertent introduction of foreign genetic material. Among the 292 samples analyzed (four per accession), a clear differentiation between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools was observed, with the Andean pool being predominant. Despite high levels of homozygosity and uniform seed morphotypes, genetic variability was detected in sixteen of the twenty-one landraces, suggesting that analyzing only a single or few plants per landrace may yield incomplete genetic information. The extensive morphological, biochemical, and genetic characterization of the P. vulgaris collection from the Aniene Valley provides insights for planning effective conservation strategies. These findings emphasize the importance of both in situ/on-farm and ex-situ conservation to preserve the genetic diversity and heritage of these local landraces.

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来源期刊
Current Plant Biology
Current Plant Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
1.90%
发文量
32
审稿时长
50 days
期刊介绍: Current Plant Biology aims to acknowledge and encourage interdisciplinary research in fundamental plant sciences with scope to address crop improvement, biodiversity, nutrition and human health. It publishes review articles, original research papers, method papers and short articles in plant research fields, such as systems biology, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, mathematical modeling, signal transduction, plant-microbe interactions, synthetic biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, biotechnologies, bioinformatics and plant genomic resources.
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