A novel and ultrasensitive high-surface porous carbon-based electrochemical biosensor for early detection of dengue virus

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, poses a significant global health threat, and early diagnosis is crucial for effective disease management. The utilization of advanced materials in the design ensures an improved surface area, facilitating a heightened interaction between the sensor and the target. In this study, the incorporation of biomass-derived high-surface porous carbon-based materials not only contributed to the sensor's sensitivity but also ensured a cost-effective and scalable manufacturing process. The electrochemical nature of the biosensor added a layer of precision to the detection process and offered a reliable, rapid method for identifying the infection of the dengue virus. The enhanced sensitivity of the biosensor allowed the detection of even trace amounts of the NS1 protein, enabling early diagnosis in the initial stages of dengue infection. The system exhibited a high sensitivity with a wide linear range between 1 pg/mL and 100 μg/mL, and the extremely low detection limit of 0.665 pg/mL ranks this as one of the most efficient biosensors for the detection of dengue virus NS1 protein. Selectivity studies, coupled with computational insights, showcased the biosensor's prowess in distinguishing NS1 protein from potential interfering substances, laying the foundation for reliable diagnostics in complex biological matrices. Real sample analysis using human serum spiked with NS1 protein offers a tantalizing glimpse into the transformative potential of biosensors in real-world scenarios. This innovative biosensor holds great promise for addressing the pressing need for early detection of dengue virus infections.