一项随机临床试验,测试健康知识干预措施,以减少受正义影响的成年人(JIA)在获得医疗服务方面的差距。

IF 3 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Health and Justice Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI:10.1186/s40352-024-00284-7
Victoria D Ojeda, Arthur Groneman, Sarah Hiller-Venegas, Melissa Moreno, Briana Schuler, Jerrica Barksdale, Emily Berliant, Natalie Romero, Todd M Edwards, Zephon Lister, Todd Gilmer, Tommi Gaines, Angela Bazzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:在受司法影响的成年人(JIA)中,健康素养较低的代价高昂,而这一群体在获得医疗保健服务时往往面临重重障碍,疾病负担过重。为改善医疗服务的获取和相关结果,亟需对 JIA 进行健康素养干预:本手稿介绍了一项纵向混合方法随机临床试验的方案,该试验旨在评估教练指导下的健康知识干预对 JIA 获得医疗服务的有效性。该干预措施之前曾在受司法影响的成年人中进行过试点。我们将在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥招募 300 名 18 岁以上的 JIA。参与者将按 1:1 随机分配到治疗组(即在教练指导下进行干预,在 6 个月内提供 12 次个性化健康指导和服务导航)或对照组(即自学健康指导计划和简短的服务导航支持)。我们将对 JIA 的医疗保健获得情况进行定量评估,主要结果包括:6 个月的医疗保健使用情况、医疗保险状况和固定的医疗保健来源。我们还将在 12 个月时对参与者进行调查。统计分析将采用意向治疗(ITT)原则,我们将对主要结果进行混合效应逻辑回归估算。我们还将在 6 个月和 12 个月时对 40 名有目的抽样的参与者进行定性访谈,访谈对象将按研究臂进行分层,这些参与者在基线时曾报告存在获得医疗服务的障碍。访谈将探讨参与者对干预措施的满意度、医疗保健态度、获得医疗保健服务的自我效能以及随着时间推移存在的障碍、干预措施对健康和福祉的贡献,以及干预措施相关信息在参与者社交网络中的传播情况。我们将对定性数据进行演绎主题分析:讨论:JIA的健康素养较低是一项基本挑战,需要采取有针对性的干预策略。本试验的结果可为政策和服务提供模式的结构提供参考,从而在美国和其他地方的机构和社区环境中提高JIA的健康素养:本研究已在美国临床试验注册中心(ClinicalTrials.gov)注册,注册号为161,903。
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A randomized clinical trial testing a health literacy intervention to reduce disparities in access to care among Justice-Impacted Adults (JIA).

Background: Low health literacy is costly and observed among justice-impacted adults (JIA), a group that often faces numerous barriers in accessing healthcare and a disproportionate burden of illness. Health literacy interventions for JIA are critically needed to improve healthcare access and related outcomes.

Methods: This manuscript describes the protocol for a longitudinal mixed-methods randomized clinical trial that assesses the effectiveness of a coach-guided health literacy intervention on JIA's healthcare access. The intervention was previously piloted with justice impacted adults. We will recruit 300 JIA ages 18 + in San Diego, California. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to the Treatment Group (i.e., coach-guided intervention providing 12 sessions of individualized health coaching and service navigation over 6 months) or the Control Group (i.e., self-study of the health coaching program, and brief service navigation support). We will quantitatively assess JIA's healthcare access defined as: use of healthcare, health insurance status, and regular source of care at 6-months as the primary outcomes. Participants will also be surveyed at 12-months. Statistical analyses will incorporate the intent-to-treat (ITT) principle and we will estimate mixed-effects logistic regression for the primary outcomes. We will also conduct qualitative interviews at 6 and 12-months with 40 purposively sampled participants, stratified by study arm, who reported healthcare access barriers at baseline. Interviews will explore participants' satisfaction with the intervention, healthcare attitudes, self-efficacy for and barriers to healthcare access over time, perceived contribution of the intervention to health and well-being, and diffusion of intervention-related information within participants' social networks. We will conduct deductive thematic analyses of qualitative data.

Discussion: Low health literacy among JIA is a foundational challenge requiring tailored intervention strategies. Findings from this trial may inform policies and the structure of service delivery models to build health literacy among JIA in institutional and community settings throughout the United States and elsewhere.

Trial registration: This study is registered with the United States' ClinicalTrials.gov registry under protocol # 161,903.

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来源期刊
Health and Justice
Health and Justice Social Sciences-Law
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
8.60%
发文量
34
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Health & Justice is open to submissions from public health, criminology and criminal justice, medical science, psychology and clinical sciences, sociology, neuroscience, biology, anthropology and the social sciences, and covers a broad array of research types. It publishes original research, research notes (promising issues that are smaller in scope), commentaries, and translational notes (possible ways of introducing innovations in the justice system). Health & Justice aims to: Present original experimental research on the area of health and well-being of people involved in the adult or juvenile justice system, including people who work in the system; Present meta-analysis or systematic reviews in the area of health and justice for those involved in the justice system; Provide an arena to present new and upcoming scientific issues; Present translational science—the movement of scientific findings into practice including programs, procedures, or strategies; Present implementation science findings to advance the uptake and use of evidence-based practices; and, Present protocols and clinical practice guidelines. As an open access journal, Health & Justice aims for a broad reach, including researchers across many disciplines as well as justice practitioners (e.g. judges, prosecutors, defenders, probation officers, treatment providers, mental health and medical personnel working with justice-involved individuals, etc.). The sections of the journal devoted to translational and implementation sciences are primarily geared to practitioners and justice actors with special attention to the techniques used.
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