{"title":"抗磷脂综合征患者血栓复发高风险的生物标志物:文献综述。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103585","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This review aims to identify biological markers associated with the risk of recurrence of thrombotic and/or obstetric events in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to evaluate established and potential novel biological markers associated with thrombosis in APS. To this end, a PubMed literature search was conducted for the last twenty years using the following keywords or their combinations: thrombotic risk, recurrence of thrombosis, risk stratification, severity, predictive value.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Previous studies showed that multiple aPL positivity correlates with an increased risk of thrombosis in APS. Moreover, the analysis of N-glycosylation of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) revealed that low levels of IgG sialylation, fucosylation or galactosylation increases the pro-inflammatory activity of aPL, predisposing to thrombosis. In addition, quantification of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and antibodies directed against NETs (anti-NETs) in serum demonstrates promising prognostic utility in assessing APS severity. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenicity of APS and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity emerges as a promising biomarker of thrombotic risk in APS. Furthermore, identification of novel antigenic targets involved in the pathophysiology of APS, such as lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), had led to the discovery of unconventional aPL, antibodies directed against the LBPA (aLBPA), whose clinical value could make it possible to identify APS patients at high risk of thrombotic recurrence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The immunological profile of aPL, N-glycosylation of aPL, quantification of NETs and anti-NETs, analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress and the discovery of aLBPA offer potential prognostic tools for risk stratification in APS patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997224000764/pdfft?md5=7fea2f78a470f8e3326f85a6a27f3e34&pid=1-s2.0-S1568997224000764-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biological markers of high risk of thrombotic recurrence in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A literature review\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103585\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This review aims to identify biological markers associated with the risk of recurrence of thrombotic and/or obstetric events in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to evaluate established and potential novel biological markers associated with thrombosis in APS. To this end, a PubMed literature search was conducted for the last twenty years using the following keywords or their combinations: thrombotic risk, recurrence of thrombosis, risk stratification, severity, predictive value.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Previous studies showed that multiple aPL positivity correlates with an increased risk of thrombosis in APS. Moreover, the analysis of N-glycosylation of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) revealed that low levels of IgG sialylation, fucosylation or galactosylation increases the pro-inflammatory activity of aPL, predisposing to thrombosis. In addition, quantification of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and antibodies directed against NETs (anti-NETs) in serum demonstrates promising prognostic utility in assessing APS severity. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenicity of APS and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity emerges as a promising biomarker of thrombotic risk in APS. Furthermore, identification of novel antigenic targets involved in the pathophysiology of APS, such as lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), had led to the discovery of unconventional aPL, antibodies directed against the LBPA (aLBPA), whose clinical value could make it possible to identify APS patients at high risk of thrombotic recurrence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The immunological profile of aPL, N-glycosylation of aPL, quantification of NETs and anti-NETs, analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress and the discovery of aLBPA offer potential prognostic tools for risk stratification in APS patients.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8664,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Autoimmunity reviews\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":9.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997224000764/pdfft?md5=7fea2f78a470f8e3326f85a6a27f3e34&pid=1-s2.0-S1568997224000764-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Autoimmunity reviews\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997224000764\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Autoimmunity reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997224000764","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological markers of high risk of thrombotic recurrence in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A literature review
Objectives
This review aims to identify biological markers associated with the risk of recurrence of thrombotic and/or obstetric events in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
Methods
A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to evaluate established and potential novel biological markers associated with thrombosis in APS. To this end, a PubMed literature search was conducted for the last twenty years using the following keywords or their combinations: thrombotic risk, recurrence of thrombosis, risk stratification, severity, predictive value.
Results
Previous studies showed that multiple aPL positivity correlates with an increased risk of thrombosis in APS. Moreover, the analysis of N-glycosylation of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) revealed that low levels of IgG sialylation, fucosylation or galactosylation increases the pro-inflammatory activity of aPL, predisposing to thrombosis. In addition, quantification of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and antibodies directed against NETs (anti-NETs) in serum demonstrates promising prognostic utility in assessing APS severity. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenicity of APS and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity emerges as a promising biomarker of thrombotic risk in APS. Furthermore, identification of novel antigenic targets involved in the pathophysiology of APS, such as lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), had led to the discovery of unconventional aPL, antibodies directed against the LBPA (aLBPA), whose clinical value could make it possible to identify APS patients at high risk of thrombotic recurrence.
Conclusion
The immunological profile of aPL, N-glycosylation of aPL, quantification of NETs and anti-NETs, analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress and the discovery of aLBPA offer potential prognostic tools for risk stratification in APS patients.
期刊介绍:
Autoimmunity Reviews is a publication that features up-to-date, structured reviews on various topics in the field of autoimmunity. These reviews are written by renowned experts and include demonstrative illustrations and tables. Each article will have a clear "take-home" message for readers.
The selection of articles is primarily done by the Editors-in-Chief, based on recommendations from the international Editorial Board. The topics covered in the articles span all areas of autoimmunology, aiming to bridge the gap between basic and clinical sciences.
In terms of content, the contributions in basic sciences delve into the pathophysiology and mechanisms of autoimmune disorders, as well as genomics and proteomics. On the other hand, clinical contributions focus on diseases related to autoimmunity, novel therapies, and clinical associations.
Autoimmunity Reviews is internationally recognized, and its articles are indexed and abstracted in prestigious databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded, Biosciences Information Services, and Chemical Abstracts.