Autoimmunity reviews最新文献

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are frequently studied together due to their close relationship. Despite significant research in this area, bibliometric studies addressing global research trends, key hotspots, and developmental trajectories are still lacking.

Methods: This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine 2233 publications on APS and SLE from 1989 to 2024, sourced from the Web of Science (WOS) database. Visualization tools, such as the bibliometrix R package, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer, were utilized.

Results: The analysis includes contributions from 9322 researchers across 2534 institutions in 91 countries, with publications spread across 585 journals. Research activity has increased substantially since 2015, reflecting the growing academic interest in the field. The United States led in publication volume, while Tel Aviv University produced the highest number of publications. Lupus had the highest number of both publications and citations. Yehuda Shoenfeld is the most prolific author, while Ronald A. Asherson is the most co-cited author. Keyword analysis revealed five major themes in APS and SLE research, covering thrombosis, cardiovascular diseases, immune response, pregnancy complications, and other connective tissue diseases. Thematic map emphasized the need for future research to focus on the immune mechanisms of antiphospholipid antibodies, thrombosis management, management of pregnancy complications, and interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Conclusion: This study analyzes the literature on APS and SLE, revealing trends in the research of their immune mechanisms, thrombosis management, pregnancy complications, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and providing strong guidance for future research directions.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for treating autoimmune diseases, particularly in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, CAR T-cell therapy for pediatric patients with SLE remains unexplored. Herein, we present a compelling investigation of two pediatric patients with refractory SLE who underwent infusion of CD19-targeted CAR T-cell infusion. Patients 1 and 2 tolerated the CAR T-cell therapy well, which demonstrated remarkable efficacy after five and four months, respectively.

Difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2TRA) identifies patients with insufficient response to biological or targeted-synthetic disease-modifying drugs (b/ts DMARDs), heralding a more severe phenotype. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-US) provides information on MSK inflammatory load and damage, being widely used in RA and inflammatory arthritides, yet the US patterns of D2TRA and correlation with clinical parameters have not been unanimously described so far. Here we investigated MSK-US patterns and their prognostic value in D2TRA through a systematic literature review (SLR) across MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus and Ovid (Embase) electronic databases. We initially retrieved 2365 papers; following the application of appropriate strings the number was lowered to 22. Among those, three papers fulfilled the required criteria. A total of 159 patients with D2TRA were analyzed. In comparison to non-D2TRA, D2TRA patients exhibited more extensive and severe synovitis, which correlated with higher disease activity scores and poorer treatment outcomes. Most US-affected joints belonged to hand and wrist. Grey-scale (GS) rather than power-Doppler (PD) synovitis score was consistently increased across D2TRA joints. Inclusion of US in recognition of D2TRA decreased the proportion of classifiable patients, identifying the true inflammatory D2T cases. The results of this SLR suggest that standardization of US phenotyping may aid the identification and stratification of D2TRA patients in clinical practice.

Background: This study investigates global research on autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) to address gaps in disciplinary trends, research directions, and emerging topics, aiming to enhance understanding of ASIA's role in immune dysregulation and multi-system diseases.

Methods: This study uses bibliometric methods, based on data from the Web of Science (WOS) database, to analyze 203 ASIA-related publications from 2011 to 2024. Analytical tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the bibliometrix R package, were employed to identify key research directions and frontier topics.

Results: Contributions from 40 countries, 318 institutions, and 824 researchers were analyzed, providing a global perspective on ASIA research. Israel contributed the highest publication volume, with Tel Aviv University being the most prolific contributor. Analysis showed that Immunologic Research published the most ASIA-related articles, whereas the Journal of Autoimmunity had the highest citation count. Keyword analysis identified six main research themes, including vaccine and adjuvant components, silicone implant-associated diseases, and connections between specific vaccines and autoimmune conditions. Thematic mapping highlighted key yet under-explored areas, such as immune responses to COVID-19 and HPV vaccines, and responses to specific adjuvants, offering insights into ASIA's complexity.

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of ASIA's core themes and trends, highlighting key areas for future research, especially on the immune effects of vaccine adjuvants and implants. Although relying on a single data source, WOS's extensive coverage and citation tracking support the validity of these findings, laying a foundation for future ASIA research and clinical applications.