CEOs family on the boardroom and environmental, social, and governance disclosure: Exploring from economic crisis during COVID-19

This study examines the relationship between family-run businesses and the quality of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure, with a specific focus on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on a sample of 559 firm-year observations from publicly listed companies in ASEAN countries spanning from 2019 to 2022, this study measure ESG disclosure quality using the global reporting initiative guidelines for sustainability reports. Family-run businesses are identified as those with family members serving on the board of directors. This study finding reveals that family-run businesses exhibit higher ESG disclosure quality compared to companies without family representation on their boards. Furthermore, results show a significant positive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between family-run businesses and their ESG disclosure practices. The implications of this study are significant for various stakeholders, including owners, management, and regulators. This research contributes to the existing literature by offering empirical evidence on the relationship between family-run businesses and ESG disclosure within the context of ASEAN countries, particularly amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. By shedding light on the positive association between family involvement and ESG disclosure quality, this study provides valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers seeking to promote sustainable business practices in emerging markets.