{"title":"Metarhizium spp.的系统发育分类和生理生态特征","authors":"Oumi Nishi","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"</p><p>The genus <i>Metarhizium</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>: <i>Clavicipitaceae</i>) is mostly composed of entomopathogenic fungal species. Many of these species are anamorphic and difficult to distinguish morphologically. Furthermore, most isolates of this genus have a broad host range, making classification based on host-insect species uncertain. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequence information distinguishes these species well and revises the taxonomy of <i>Metarhizium</i>. However, in the revisions, the major groups within the genus, such as <i>M. anisopliae</i> complex, were classified regardless of their phenotypic differentiation. Therefore, the characteristics of the individual species remain unclear. To explore the species-specific characteristics of <i>Metarhizium</i> spp., the author performed a phylogenetic analysis and characterization of <i>Metarhizium</i> spp. in Japan. The results showed that strains of the <i>M. brunneum</i> and <i>M. pemphigi</i> clades exhibited cold-active growth characteristics and preferred forested environments over <i>M. pingshaense</i>. In the <i>M. majus</i> clade, a specialist of scarab beetles, isolates from different Scarabaeidae species, including the coconut rhinoceros beetle (<i>Oryctes</i> spp.) and flower chafer beetle (<i>Protaetia orientalis</i>), formed separate subclades and showed strong virulence against their original hosts. This review describes the current state of understanding of the taxonomy and species-specific characteristics of the genus <i>Metarhizium</i>, and includes the author’s own previous study.</p>\n<p></p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Phylogenetic classification and physiological and ecological traits of Metarhizium spp.\",\"authors\":\"Oumi Nishi\",\"doi\":\"10.47371/mycosci.2024.07.001\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"</p><p>The genus <i>Metarhizium</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>: <i>Clavicipitaceae</i>) is mostly composed of entomopathogenic fungal species. Many of these species are anamorphic and difficult to distinguish morphologically. Furthermore, most isolates of this genus have a broad host range, making classification based on host-insect species uncertain. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequence information distinguishes these species well and revises the taxonomy of <i>Metarhizium</i>. However, in the revisions, the major groups within the genus, such as <i>M. anisopliae</i> complex, were classified regardless of their phenotypic differentiation. Therefore, the characteristics of the individual species remain unclear. To explore the species-specific characteristics of <i>Metarhizium</i> spp., the author performed a phylogenetic analysis and characterization of <i>Metarhizium</i> spp. in Japan. The results showed that strains of the <i>M. brunneum</i> and <i>M. pemphigi</i> clades exhibited cold-active growth characteristics and preferred forested environments over <i>M. pingshaense</i>. In the <i>M. majus</i> clade, a specialist of scarab beetles, isolates from different Scarabaeidae species, including the coconut rhinoceros beetle (<i>Oryctes</i> spp.) and flower chafer beetle (<i>Protaetia orientalis</i>), formed separate subclades and showed strong virulence against their original hosts. This review describes the current state of understanding of the taxonomy and species-specific characteristics of the genus <i>Metarhizium</i>, and includes the author’s own previous study.</p>\\n<p></p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18780,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Mycoscience\",\"volume\":\"81 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Mycoscience\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2024.07.001\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"MYCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mycoscience","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2024.07.001","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MYCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
Metarhizium 属(Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)主要由昆虫病原真菌物种组成。其中许多菌种都是拟态的,在形态上很难区分。此外,该属的大多数分离物都有广泛的寄主范围,因此基于寄主昆虫种类的分类并不确定。基于 DNA 序列信息的分子系统发育分析很好地区分了这些种,并修订了 Metarhizium 的分类法。不过,在修订过程中,属内的主要类群(如 M. anisopliae complex)的分类与它们的表型差异无关。因此,单个种的特征仍不清楚。为了探索梅塔里兹菌属的物种特异性,作者对日本的梅塔里兹菌属进行了系统发育分析和特征描述。结果表明,M. brunneum 和 M. pemphigi 支系的菌株表现出冷活性生长特征,并且比 M. pingshaense 更喜欢森林环境。在M. majus支系(猩红甲虫的专性种)中,来自不同猩红甲虫物种(包括椰犀甲(Oryctes spp.)和花糠甲(Protaetia orientalis))的分离株形成了独立的亚支系,并对其原始宿主表现出很强的毒力。这篇综述描述了目前人们对拟黑僵菌属的分类和物种特异性特征的了解,其中包括作者自己以前的研究。
Phylogenetic classification and physiological and ecological traits of Metarhizium spp.
The genus Metarhizium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) is mostly composed of entomopathogenic fungal species. Many of these species are anamorphic and difficult to distinguish morphologically. Furthermore, most isolates of this genus have a broad host range, making classification based on host-insect species uncertain. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequence information distinguishes these species well and revises the taxonomy of Metarhizium. However, in the revisions, the major groups within the genus, such as M. anisopliae complex, were classified regardless of their phenotypic differentiation. Therefore, the characteristics of the individual species remain unclear. To explore the species-specific characteristics of Metarhizium spp., the author performed a phylogenetic analysis and characterization of Metarhizium spp. in Japan. The results showed that strains of the M. brunneum and M. pemphigi clades exhibited cold-active growth characteristics and preferred forested environments over M. pingshaense. In the M. majus clade, a specialist of scarab beetles, isolates from different Scarabaeidae species, including the coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes spp.) and flower chafer beetle (Protaetia orientalis), formed separate subclades and showed strong virulence against their original hosts. This review describes the current state of understanding of the taxonomy and species-specific characteristics of the genus Metarhizium, and includes the author’s own previous study.
期刊介绍:
Mycoscience is the official English-language journal of the Mycological Society of Japan and is issued bimonthly. Mycoscience publishes original research articles and reviews on various topics related to fungi including yeasts and other organisms that have traditionally been studied by mycologists. The research areas covered by Mycoscience extend from such purely scientific fields as systematics, evolution, phylogeny, morphology, ecology, physiology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology, to agricultural, medical, and industrial applications. New and improved applications of well-established mycological techniques and methods are also covered.