水稻基因型的形态-生理特征与耐热性之间的遗传关联

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Gesunde Pflanzen Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1007/s10343-024-00998-6
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed, Noor Fatima, Yawen Zeng, Muddassir Hussain, Muhammad Moaaz Mushtaq, Ghulam Sabir Hussain, Muhammad Irfan Akram, Amjad Saeed, Adnan Noor Shah, Hayssam M. Ali, Mohamed M. A. Abdelhamid, Sezai Ercisli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是最重要的基本粮食作物之一,亚洲生产了世界上大部分的水稻,占全球产量的 90%。由于平均气温升高,气候变化对水稻产量产生了负面影响。因此,必须开发出有潜力应对热胁迫等环境变化挑战的水稻品种。这项研究的目的是在巴哈瓦尔布尔伊斯兰大学的试验田里,根据形态-生理特性调查水稻基因型的耐热能力。研究采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)和两组小区(一组在早稻播种条件下,另一组在晚稻播种条件下)五次重复的方法,对 102 个水稻基因型进行了热胁迫下的研究。在早播和晚播条件下,水稻的打顶天数、成熟天数、圆锥花序数、旗叶面积、每圆锥花序粒重、每圆锥花序粒数、千粒重和单株谷物产量之间均呈正相关。结果显示,在 14 个主成分(PCs)中,前 5 个 PCs 在两种条件下均表现出显著的遗传变异。在早播和晚播条件下,前五个主成分分别显示了 71.1%和 68.9%的总方差。根据 PCA,确定了 05 个耐热基因型和 5 个感热基因型。所研究的所有水稻形态和生理性状均存在显著差异。在早播(正常)和晚播(热胁迫)环境中都观察到了高温(热胁迫)的影响。因此,根据这些性状进行选择并不适合耐热性。在热胁迫下表现最好的种质可以成为产生高产的理想基因型,并可用于未来的育种计划,而本研究推荐的早播水稻基因型将有效开发耐热水稻品种。
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Genetic Association Among Morpho-Physiological Attributes Against Heat Tolerance in Rice Genotypes

Asia produces the majority of the world’s rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the utmost vital fundamental food crops, with 90% of worldwide production. Because of increases in average temperature, climate change has a negative impact on rice yield. It is essential to develop such verities of rice that have potential to meet challenges of environmental changes like heat stress etc. This research was approved to investigate heat tolerance ability of rice genotypes on the basis of morpho-physiological attributes at the experimental field area of Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Using a randomized complete blocked design (RCBD) and two sets of plots (one in early sowing rice, other plot goes under late sowing rice condition) with five replications was applied to study 102 genotypes of rice under heat stress. The days to heading, days to maturity, no. of panicles, flag leaf area, grain weight per panicle, no. of grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant were positively correlated among themselves under both early sowing and late sowing conditions. Results revealed that, out of 14 principal components (PCs), the first five PCs were showed significant genetic variation under both conditions. The first five PCs displayed 71.1% and 68.9% total variance in the examined germplasm under early and late sowing locations respectively. Based on PCA, 05 heat-tolerant and five heat-susceptible genotypes were identified. There is a significant difference in all the studied rice morphological and physiological traits. Effect of high temperature (heat stress) was observed in both early (normal) and late sowing (heat stress) environments. As a result of these findings selection based on these qualities is not appropriate for heat tolerance. The best performing germplasm under heat stress can be a desirable genotype to generate high yield and used for future breeding programs and early sowing of rice genotypes recommended in this study will be effective for developing heat tolerant rice varieties.

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来源期刊
Gesunde Pflanzen
Gesunde Pflanzen 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
25.80%
发文量
152
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Gesunde Pflanzen publiziert praxisbezogene Beiträge zum Pflanzenschutz in Landwirtschaft, Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau und öffentlichem Grün und seinen Bezügen zum Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz sowie zu Rechtsfragen. Das Themenspektrum reicht von der Bestimmung der Schadorganismen über Maßnahmen und Verfahren zur Minderung des Befallsrisikos bis hin zur Entwicklung und Anwendung nicht-chemischer und chemischer Bekämpfungsstrategien und -verfahren, aber auch zu Fragen der Auswirkungen des Pflanzenschutzes auf die Umwelt, die Sicherung der Ernährung sowie zu allgemeinen Fragen wie Nutzen und Risiken und zur Entwicklung neuer Technologien. Jedes Heft enthält Originalbeiträge renommierter Wissenschaftler, aktuelle Informationen von Verbänden sowie aus der Industrie, Pressemitteilungen und Personalia. Damit bietet die Zeitschrift vor allem Behörden und Anwendern im Agrarsektor und Verbraucherschutz fundierte Praxisunterstützung auf wissenschaftlichem Niveau.
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