确定生物医学研究中猪的适应期。

Amanda R Maxwell, Natalie J Castell, Jacqueline K Brockhurst, Eric K Hutchinson, Jessica M Izzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于猪的生理和解剖结构与人类相似,因此在生物医学研究中被广泛使用。在从供应商运输到研究机构的过程中,猪会受到许多应激因素的影响,包括环境应激、社会应激以及食物和水匮乏造成的应激。由于压力会对心理和生理产生一系列不良影响,因此建议给猪一个适应期,即动物在新环境中适应和稳定的时间。文献表明,猪在接受存活手术前应在新设施中适应 5 到 7 天;但迄今为止,尚无公开发表的科学证据支持猪的这一适应期或任何特定的适应期。为了研究一定长度的适应期是否会导致猪的应激减少,我们从 12 头到达我们设施用于研究方案的天真约克夏猪(n = 6 头雄性和 6 头雌性)的唾液中测量了 2 种应激生物标志物:皮质醇和嗜铬粒蛋白 A (CgA)。无创唾液采集在猪从供应商处到达后的第 1、3、5、7、10 和 14 天进行(代表不同的适应期)。我们假设,较长的适应期会导致皮质醇和 CgA 水平降低,从而表明应激减少。我们的数据显示,皮质醇水平在不同时期(P = 0.8200)、不同性别(P = 0.9886)或不同动物(P = 0.6280)之间均无统计学差异。与皮质醇类似,CgA 也没有受到时间(P = 0.2017)或性别(P = 0.6598)的总体影响。就该分析物而言,动物个体之间的影响显著(P < 0.0001),这表明动物之间的差异很大。此外,与第 14 天相比,第 1 天的唾液 CgA 显著下降(P = 0.0077),这表明猪可能会从至少 14 天的适应期中获益。
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Determination of an Acclimation Period for Swine in Biomedical Research.

Swine are widely used models in biomedical research due to their physiologic and anatomic similarities to humans. During transport from vendors to research facilities, pigs are subject to a number of stressors, including environmental, social, and stress as a result of deprivation from food and water. As stress can have a number of adverse psychologic and physiologic effects, an acclimation period, defined as the period of time that an animal has to adjust and stabilize in a new environment, is recommended. The literature indicates that swine should be conditioned to their new facility for 5 to 7 d prior to undergoing survival surgery; however, to date, there is no published scientific evidence to support this or any specific acclimation period for swine. To investigate whether a certain length acclimation period leads to decreased stress in swine, we measured 2 stress biomarkers, cortisol and chromogranin A (CgA), from the saliva of 12 naive Yorkshire swine (n = 6 males and 6 females) arriving at our facility for use in research protocols. Noninvasive saliva collection was performed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 after arrival from the vendor (representing different acclimation periods). We hypothesized that longer acclimation periods would result in reduced levels of both cortisol and CgA, indicating reduced stress. Our data revealed that there was no statistical difference in cortisol levels over time (P = 0.8200), nor between the sexes (P = 0.9886) or individual animals (P = 0.6280). CgA, similarly to cortisol, showed no overall effect of time (P = 0.2017) or sex (P = 0.6598). For this analyte, individual animal was significant (P < 0.0001), which suggests high interanimal variation. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease (P = 0.0077) in salivary CgA from day 1 compared with day 14, suggesting that swine may benefit from an acclimation period of at least 14 d.

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