空气污染对神经和精神健康的影响。

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103063
YASHENDRA SETHI, PRATIK AGARWAL, VIDHI VORA, SIDDHARTH GOSAVI
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引用次数: 0

摘要

空气污染是一个严重的全球性问题,其广泛影响超出了呼吸系统健康的范围,对神经和精神疾病产生了重大影响。新的证据表明,暴露于细颗粒物(PM < 2.5 µm)、二氧化硫(SO2)和二氧化氮(NO2)与痴呆症、阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、多动症、中风、帕金森病和多发性硬化症的风险增加之间存在联系。机理途径包括神经炎症、氧化应激、小胶质细胞活化、脑血管功能障碍和血脑屏障破坏。流行病学研究表明,城市居民,尤其是男性、中年人和已婚人士,更容易受到空气污染对精神健康的影响。此外,社会经济因素,如人均国内生产总值、获得卫生资源、绿地和体育设施的机会,也会影响这些健康结果。要应对这一公共卫生挑战,就必须采取更严格的工业排放控制措施、可持续农业实践、推广更清洁的能源,并将污染暴露史纳入临床评估。加强公众意识和跨学科研究对于减轻空气污染对神经和精神健康的不利影响至关重要,最终为子孙后代创造一个更清洁、更健康的环境。
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The Impact of Air Pollution on Neurological and Psychiatric Health

Air pollution is a critical global issue with extensive implications beyond respiratory health, significantly affecting neurological and psychiatric disorders. Emerging evidence establishes a link between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM < 2.5 µm), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and heightened risks of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, ADHD, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Mechanistic pathways include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, microglial activation, cerebrovascular dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier disruption. Epidemiological studies indicate increased susceptibility among urban residents, particularly men, middle-aged individuals, and married persons, to the mental health impacts of air pollution. Additionally, socioeconomic factors, such as GDP per capita, access to health resources, green spaces, and sports facilities, modulate these health outcomes. Addressing this public health challenge necessitates stricter industrial emission controls, sustainable agricultural practices, promotion of cleaner energy sources, and incorporation of pollution exposure history into clinical assessments. Enhanced public awareness and interdisciplinary research are vital for mitigating the detrimental effects of air pollution on neurological and psychiatric health, ultimately striving for a cleaner and healthier environment for future generations.

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来源期刊
Archives of Medical Research
Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
12.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
28 days
期刊介绍: Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.
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