{"title":"COVID-19 大流行后葡萄牙小儿侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的反弹与血清型的显著变化无关。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106242","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic led to the institution of public health measures in many countries which reduced respiratory infections. We aimed to identify and characterize changes in pediatric (<18 years) invasive pneumococcal disease (pIPD) in Portugal in 2018–2023.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>pIPD cases were identified by culture and molecular methods and stratified by age and serotype. When available the susceptibility of the isolates to antimicrobials was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>pIPD cases were markedly reduced in the last trimester of 2019–2020 and the entire 2020–2021 season. While 2021–2022 was in line with pre-pandemic seasons, in 2022–2023, the number of pIPD cases exceeded those found pre-pandemic. Molecular tests were responsible for identifying and serotyping 30% of cases, highlighting their importance in evaluating pIPD. Among the 316 pIPD cases, 37 different serotypes were detected, of which serotypes 3 (n = 85, 26.9%), 8 (n = 25, 7.9%), 10A (n = 21, 6.6%) and 24F (n = 20, 6.3%) were the most frequent. The post-pandemic serotype distribution reflected mostly pre-pandemic trends and the rebound was not driven by particular serotypes. We identified many vaccine failures, most (n = 37) representing serotype 3 infections. Penicillin non-susceptibility increased from 14% pre-pandemic to 29%, with serotype 24F becoming particularly significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The higher number of cases of pIPD post-COVID-19 in Portugal raises the possibility of a higher burden of pneumococcal disease in Europe post-pandemic. The relatively stable serotype distribution and the current availability of the higher valency conjugate vaccines PCV15 and PCV20, potentially preventing a large proportion of pIPD (43% and 67%, respectively), offer an opportunity to control this increase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324001762/pdfft?md5=1d608cb6ae5ea84615fbc00525095dda&pid=1-s2.0-S0163445324001762-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Rebound of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Portugal after the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with significant serotype changes\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106242\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic led to the institution of public health measures in many countries which reduced respiratory infections. We aimed to identify and characterize changes in pediatric (<18 years) invasive pneumococcal disease (pIPD) in Portugal in 2018–2023.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>pIPD cases were identified by culture and molecular methods and stratified by age and serotype. When available the susceptibility of the isolates to antimicrobials was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>pIPD cases were markedly reduced in the last trimester of 2019–2020 and the entire 2020–2021 season. While 2021–2022 was in line with pre-pandemic seasons, in 2022–2023, the number of pIPD cases exceeded those found pre-pandemic. Molecular tests were responsible for identifying and serotyping 30% of cases, highlighting their importance in evaluating pIPD. Among the 316 pIPD cases, 37 different serotypes were detected, of which serotypes 3 (n = 85, 26.9%), 8 (n = 25, 7.9%), 10A (n = 21, 6.6%) and 24F (n = 20, 6.3%) were the most frequent. The post-pandemic serotype distribution reflected mostly pre-pandemic trends and the rebound was not driven by particular serotypes. We identified many vaccine failures, most (n = 37) representing serotype 3 infections. Penicillin non-susceptibility increased from 14% pre-pandemic to 29%, with serotype 24F becoming particularly significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The higher number of cases of pIPD post-COVID-19 in Portugal raises the possibility of a higher burden of pneumococcal disease in Europe post-pandemic. The relatively stable serotype distribution and the current availability of the higher valency conjugate vaccines PCV15 and PCV20, potentially preventing a large proportion of pIPD (43% and 67%, respectively), offer an opportunity to control this increase.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50180,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Infection\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":14.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324001762/pdfft?md5=1d608cb6ae5ea84615fbc00525095dda&pid=1-s2.0-S0163445324001762-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324001762\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324001762","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebound of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Portugal after the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with significant serotype changes
Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the institution of public health measures in many countries which reduced respiratory infections. We aimed to identify and characterize changes in pediatric (<18 years) invasive pneumococcal disease (pIPD) in Portugal in 2018–2023.
Methods
pIPD cases were identified by culture and molecular methods and stratified by age and serotype. When available the susceptibility of the isolates to antimicrobials was evaluated.
Results
pIPD cases were markedly reduced in the last trimester of 2019–2020 and the entire 2020–2021 season. While 2021–2022 was in line with pre-pandemic seasons, in 2022–2023, the number of pIPD cases exceeded those found pre-pandemic. Molecular tests were responsible for identifying and serotyping 30% of cases, highlighting their importance in evaluating pIPD. Among the 316 pIPD cases, 37 different serotypes were detected, of which serotypes 3 (n = 85, 26.9%), 8 (n = 25, 7.9%), 10A (n = 21, 6.6%) and 24F (n = 20, 6.3%) were the most frequent. The post-pandemic serotype distribution reflected mostly pre-pandemic trends and the rebound was not driven by particular serotypes. We identified many vaccine failures, most (n = 37) representing serotype 3 infections. Penicillin non-susceptibility increased from 14% pre-pandemic to 29%, with serotype 24F becoming particularly significant.
Conclusions
The higher number of cases of pIPD post-COVID-19 in Portugal raises the possibility of a higher burden of pneumococcal disease in Europe post-pandemic. The relatively stable serotype distribution and the current availability of the higher valency conjugate vaccines PCV15 and PCV20, potentially preventing a large proportion of pIPD (43% and 67%, respectively), offer an opportunity to control this increase.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection.
Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.