胆汁酸调节受体免疫学

IF 14 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Progress in lipid research Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101291
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引用次数: 0

摘要

胆汁酸是在宿主新陈代谢和肠道微生物群界面形成的类固醇。一级胆汁酸在肝脏中由胆固醇代谢产生,而二级胆汁酸则是微生物酶的产物。人体肠道中会出现近 100 种不同的胆汁酸结构酶修饰,临床指导下的元基因组和代谢组分析发现了大量新型代谢物。这些化学介质对后生物群的组成和功能做出了重要贡献,参与了肠道微生物群与宿主的双向交流,并对肠-肝、脑和内分泌轴的结构做出了贡献。胆汁酸通过与一组统称为胆汁酸调控受体(BARRs)的细胞膜和核受体结合来发挥其功能,这些受体表达于单核细胞、组织驻留巨噬细胞、CD4+ T效应细胞(包括Th17)、T调节细胞、树突状细胞以及肠道淋巴细胞的3型和NKT细胞,突出了它们在免疫调节中的作用。在这篇综述中,我们报告了胆汁酸及其代谢产物如何在炎症和癌症中调节免疫系统,并可用于开发治疗这些疾病的新方法。
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Immunology of bile acids regulated receptors

Bile acids are steroids formed at the interface of host metabolism and intestinal microbiota. While primary bile acids are generated in the liver from cholesterol metabolism, secondary bile acids represent the products of microbial enzymes. Close to 100 different enzymatic modifications of bile acids structures occur in the human intestine and clinically guided metagenomic and metabolomic analyses have led to the identification of an extraordinary number of novel metabolites. These chemical mediators make an essential contribution to the composition and function of the postbiota, participating to the bidirectional communications of the intestinal microbiota with the host and contributing to the architecture of intestinal-liver and -brain and -endocrine axes. Bile acids exert their function by binding to a group of cell membrane and nuclear receptors collectively known as bile acid-regulated receptors (BARRs), expressed in monocytes, tissue-resident macrophages, CD4+ T effector cells, including Th17, T regulatory cells, dendritic cells and type 3 of intestinal lymphoid cells and NKT cells, highlighting their role in immune regulation. In this review we report on how bile acids and their metabolitesmodulate the immune system in inflammations and cancers and could be exploiting for developing novel therapeutic approaches in these disorders.

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来源期刊
Progress in lipid research
Progress in lipid research 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
24.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
37
审稿时长
14.6 weeks
期刊介绍: The significance of lipids as a fundamental category of biological compounds has been widely acknowledged. The utilization of our understanding in the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, and physiology of lipids has continued to grow in biotechnology, the fats and oils industry, and medicine. Moreover, new aspects such as lipid biophysics, particularly related to membranes and lipoproteins, as well as basic research and applications of liposomes, have emerged. To keep up with these advancements, there is a need for a journal that can evaluate recent progress in specific areas and provide a historical perspective on current research. Progress in Lipid Research serves this purpose.
期刊最新文献
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