The role of camel milk as a protective factor on rats infected with indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer

This research was conducted to evaluate the nutritional content of camel milk and the difficulties that accompany them when taken with indomethacin. The results observed that camel milk is a rich source of nutritional values and antioxidants. The biological experimental was divided into six groups. The first group was control negative, and the groups G2, G3, G4, and G5 had orally one dose of indomethacin (30 mg/kg body weight) to induce ulcers. The G2 was considerably a positive control, and the groups G3, G4, and G5 had orally 5, 10, and 15 mL/kg body weight daily camel milk. The results observed that camel milk markedly raised concentrations of enzymatic antioxidants while concurrently lowering malondialdehyde levels in comparison to the positive group. However, rats taken orally 15 mL/kg camel milk showed significantly lower serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentration compared to 5 and 10 mL/kg camel milk. Rats given indomethacin showed a significant decrease in cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels and also a significant increase in cytochrome P450 reductase activity. These results were based on the measurements of cyclooxygenase activity, PGE2 concentration, and cytochrome P450 reductase activity in the gastric tissues. The results from macroscopic examination and histopathological examination of gastric ulcers in normal and treated rats groups with camel milk confirmed the above results by serum and gastric tissue. Therefore, camel milk has a potent ulcer-healing impact on gastrointestinal injury caused by indomethacin. The potential cytoprotective mechanism and antioxidant characteristics of camel milk may be responsible for its antiulcer efficacy.