在聚合反应器和失活-脱气槽之间取样的非添加型聚丙烯-聚乙烯复合材料的早期降解研究

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Journal of Composites Science Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.3390/jcs8080311
Joaquín Alejandro Hernández Fernández, Rodrigo Ortega-Toro, Eduardo Antonio Espinosa Fuentes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

聚丙烯-聚乙烯复合材料(C-PP-PE)的工业生产会产生不可利用的废物,对全球环境造成重大影响。在这项研究中,我们发现了不同浓度的铝(8-410 ppm)、氯(13-205 ppm)和铁(4-100 ppm)残留物,这些残留物来源于齐格勒-纳塔催化剂和三乙基铝(TEAL)助催化剂的痕迹。这些残留物加速了塑料废物的产生,影响了 C-PP-PE 的热动力学性能,并形成了挥发性有机化合物,降低了 C-PP-PE 的商业可行性。通过气相色谱-质谱法对几种有机化合物进行了定量分析,结果表明,这些有机化合物的浓度与 C-PP-PE 中的 Al、Cl 和 Fe 的ppm 值直接相关。这项研究采用了 Coats-Redfern、Horowitz-Metzger、Flynn-Wall-Ozawa 和 Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose 等动力学模型。活化能值(Ea)与 Al、Cl 和 Fe 的浓度成反比。在 PP0 和 W3 样品中,铝、钙和铁的浓度较低,采用霍洛维茨法计算的活化能值(Ea)分别为 286 和 224 kJ mol-1。W1 和 W5 样品中这些元素的ppm含量较高,其 Ea 值分别为 80.83 和 102.99 kJ mol-1。对热力学行为的了解以及对 C-PP-PE 工业生产过程中可能发生的化学反应的阐明,使我们能够寻找一种合适的补救技术,为 C-PP-PE 废物赋予新的商业生命,从而支持塑料废物的管理,并改进工艺循环,以促进可持续性和工业效率。其中一种方法是使用抗氧化添加剂 Irgafos P-168 (IG-P168),它能很好地稳定其中一些 C-PP-PE 残留物,直到获得与纯 C-PP-PE 类似的热性能。
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A Study on the Early Degradation of the Non-Additive Polypropylene–Polyethylene Composite Sampled between the Polymerization Reactor and the Deactivation-Degassing Tank
The industrial production of polypropylene–polyethylene composites (C-PP-PE) involves the generation of waste that is not usable, resulting in a significant environmental impact globally. In this research, we identified different concentrations of aluminum (8–410 ppm), chlorine (13–205 ppm), and iron (4–100 ppm) residues originating from traces of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst and the triethylaluminum (TEAL) co-catalyst. These residues accelerate the generation of plastic waste and affect the thermo-kinetic performance of C-PP-PE, as well as the formation of volatile organic compounds that reduce the commercial viability of C-PP-PE. Several families of organic compounds were quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and it is evident that these concentrations varied directly with the ppm of Al, Cl, and Fe present in C-PP-PE. This research used kinetic models of Coats–Redfern, Horowitz–Metzger, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose. The activation energy values (Ea) were inversely correlated with Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations. In samples PP0 and W3, with low Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations, the values (Ea) were 286 and 224 kJ mol−1, respectively, using the Horowitz method. Samples W1 and W5, with a high ppm of these elements, showed Ea values of 80.83 and 102.99 kJ mol−1, respectively. This knowledge of the thermodynamic behavior and the elucidation of possible chemical reactions in the industrial production of C-PP-PE allowed us to search for a suitable remediation technique to give a new commercial life to C-PP-PE waste, thus supporting the management of plastic waste and improving the process—recycling to promote sustainability and industrial efficiency. One option was using the antioxidant additive Irgafos P-168 (IG-P168), which stabilized some of these C-PP-PE residues very well until thermal properties similar to those of pure C-PP-PE were obtained.
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来源期刊
Journal of Composites Science
Journal of Composites Science MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES-
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
328
审稿时长
11 weeks
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