硝化微生物的盐度适应性:硝化性能、微生物群落、渗透适应策略

IF 5.4 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of hazardous materials advances Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100448
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摘要

高盐度(> 1%)废水对传统废水处理,尤其是硝化过程提出了巨大挑战。然而,人们对硝化微生物的渗透适应策略仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们考察了盐度对废水中氨和亚硝酸盐氧化过程的影响。将未适应盐度(0 g NaCl/L)、适应 1%盐度(10 g NaCl/L)和适应 3% 盐度(30 g NaCl/L)的生物膜样品分别接种到装有合成高盐废水(30 g NaCl/L)的锥形瓶中。研究结果表明,生物膜经盐度适应后,氨氧化活性超过了亚硝酸盐氧化活性。16S rRNA 基因扩增片段分析表明,氨氧化细菌亚硝单胞菌和一种未分类的氨氧化古细菌在亚硝基磷脂菌科(Nitrososphaeraceae)中的数量显著增加。相比之下,亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(Nitrospira)的数量显著减少(p < 0.01)。元基因组分析表明,某些菌株(如亚硝基单胞菌 PL2、亚硝基单胞菌 PL3 和亚硝基磷脂菌属 PL5)拥有与 Na+ 外排、K+ 摄取、谷氨酸合成或转运有关的各种基因。然而,Nitrospira sp.这项研究阐明了生物膜适应盐度前后硝化作用变化的微生物机理,有助于制定微生物进化策略,以清除高盐度条件下的氮污染物。
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Salinity acclimation of nitrifying microorganisms: Nitrification performance, microbial community, osmotic adaptation strategies

Wastewater with high salinity (> 1%) presents a significant challenge to conventional wastewater treatment, particularly for the nitrification process. However, the osmotic adaptation strategies of nitrifying microorganisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the impacts of salinity on the ammonia and nitrite oxidation processes in wastewater. The biofilm samples without salinity acclimation (0 g NaCl/L), after 1% salinity acclimation (10 g NaCl/L), and after 3% salinity acclimation (30 g NaCl/L) were inoculated to conical flasks containing synthetic high-salt wastewater (30 g NaCl/L), respectively. The research findings indicate that, following the salinity acclimation of biofilm, the activity of ammonia oxidation surpassed that of nitrite oxidation. 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis revealed a noteworthy increase in the abundance of Nitrosomonas (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) and an unclassified ammonia-oxidizing archaeon within the Nitrososphaeraceae family. In contrast, Nitrospira (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) exhibited a significant decrease (p < 0.01). Metagenomic analysis indicates certain strains, such as Nitrosomonas sp. PL2, Nitrosomonas mobilis PL3, and Nitrososphaeraceae gen. sp. PL5, possessed various genes related to Na+ efflux, K+ uptake, glutamate synthesis or transport. However, Nitrospira sp. PL6 and Nitrospira sp. PL7 lacked K+ uptake genes. This study elucidates the microbial mechanisms underlying the variations in nitrification observed before and after salinity acclimation of biofilm, which helps to develop microbial evolution strategies to remove nitrogen pollutants under high salinity conditions.

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来源期刊
Journal of hazardous materials advances
Journal of hazardous materials advances Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
50 days
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