有效控制大流行病的疫苗接种和运输干预战略

IF 6.3 2区 工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS Transport Policy Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1016/j.tranpol.2024.07.021
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19 大流行凸显了与运输有关的控制和疫苗接种在减少大范围感染方面的关键作用。然而,由于这些干预措施需要大量成本,因此必须在控制措施和感染风险之间实现微妙的平衡。本研究认识到流动性网络和流行病易感性的空间异质性,在元种群结构中提出了两种控制措施--疫苗分配和运输限制--的最优控制框架。其总体目标是最大限度地降低因实施控制措施而产生的总成本以及因感染而造成的健康和机会损失。我们的研究结果凸显了运输控制和疫苗分发在降低总成本和感染率方面的有效性。值得注意的是,这些控制措施的效果存在地区差异,同时实施这两种措施是最有效、最经济可行的策略。疫苗分发和运输限制之间的协同效应也是我们在模拟中观察到的一个关键点,显示了它们在大流行控制中的互补作用。通过考虑流动网络和感染易感性的空间细微差别,该框架提供了一种灵活的、针对特定地区的策略,以优化大流行病控制的资源配置,最终在有效性和经济可行性之间取得平衡。
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Vaccination and transportation intervention strategies for effective pandemic control

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the pivotal role of transportation-related controls and vaccination in mitigating widespread infections. However, the substantial costs associated with these interventions necessitate a nuanced equilibrium between control measures and infection risks. This study, driven by the recognition of spatial heterogeneities in mobility networks and epidemic vulnerability, presents an optimal control framework for two control measures—vaccine distribution and transportation restrictions—within a metapopulation structure. The overarching goal is to minimize the total costs derived from the implementation of control measures and health and opportunity loss from infection. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of transportation control and vaccine distribution in reducing both total costs and infection rates. Notably, the efficacy of these control measures exhibits regional variations, and the simultaneous implementation of both measures emerges as the most effective and economically viable strategy. The synergy effect between vaccine distribution and transportation restrictions is also a key observation in our simulations, showcasing their complementary roles in pandemic control. By considering the spatial nuances of mobility networks and infection vulnerability, this framework provides a flexible and region-specific strategy to optimize the allocation of resources for pandemic control, ultimately striking a balance between efficacy and economic feasibility.

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来源期刊
Transport Policy
Transport Policy Multiple-
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
282
期刊介绍: Transport Policy is an international journal aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice in transport. Its subject areas reflect the concerns of policymakers in government, industry, voluntary organisations and the public at large, providing independent, original and rigorous analysis to understand how policy decisions have been taken, monitor their effects, and suggest how they may be improved. The journal treats the transport sector comprehensively, and in the context of other sectors including energy, housing, industry and planning. All modes are covered: land, sea and air; road and rail; public and private; motorised and non-motorised; passenger and freight.
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