越南女性青少年微量营养素缺乏和营养不良的双重负担:2020 年全国横断面研究

IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101164
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景越南正面临着营养不良的双重负担,超重与营养不良(发育迟缓和/或消瘦)和微量营养素缺乏(MNDs)并存的情况日益普遍。虽然女性青春期营养不良会导致不良的健康后果,并对后代产生潜在的代际影响,但目前还没有研究对当代越南女性青少年的微量营养素缺乏症和营养状况进行全面调查。收集了血液营养生物标志物、人体测量数据和社会人口学数据,并分析了营养状况与多发性营养不良之间的关联;贫血、缺铁(ID)、缺铁性贫血、血清锌过低、血清视黄醇过低和任何多发性营养不良均为特定结果。研究结果超重、发育迟缓和消瘦的发生率分别为 27.2%、14.3% 和 6.9%。血清锌含量低(39.8%)和 ID(13.4%)也很常见。二元分析显示,年龄较大(16-18 岁)、少数民族身份、财富指数较低和炎症与 MNDs 相关。在调整后的逻辑回归中,发育迟缓与血清视黄醇低的几率和[95%置信区间]增加有关(8.92 [2.26, 35.15],p < 0.01),瘦弱也与之有关(12.25 [3.47, 43.33],p < 0.01)。发育迟缓也与患有任何 MND 的几率增加有关(2.06 [1.31, 3.25],p < 0.01)。然而,营养不良、血清锌不足和智障仍然普遍存在。应考虑采用食品系统方法来阻止越南青少年营养不良双重负担的急剧增加。
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Micronutrient deficiencies and the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnamese female adolescents: a national cross-sectional study in 2020

Background

Vietnam is facing a double burden of malnutrition, with increasing prevalence of overweight coexisting with undernutrition (stunting and/or thinness) and micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs). Although malnutrition during female adolescence leads to poor health outcomes with potential intergenerational effects on offspring, no studies have comprehensively investigated MNDs and nutritional status among contemporary Vietnamese female adolescents.

Methods

Data from 10- to 18-year-old female participants (n = 1471) in the nationally-representative Vietnam General Nutrition Survey 2020 were analysed. Blood nutritional biomarkers, anthropometric measurements, and sociodemographic data were collected, and associations between nutrition status and MNDs were analysed; with anaemia, iron deficiency (ID), iron deficiency anaemia, low serum zinc, low serum retinol, and any MNDs as specified outcomes.

Findings

Prevalence of overweight, stunting, and thinness was 27.2%, 14.3%, and 6.9%, respectively. Low serum zinc was common (39.8%), as was ID (13.4%). Bivariate analyses showed that older age (16–18 years old), ethnic minority status, lower wealth index, and inflammation were associated with MNDs. In adjusted logistic regressions, stunting was associated with increased odds ratio and [95% confidence intervals] of low serum retinol (8.92 [2.26, 35.15], p < 0.01), as was thinness (12.25 [3.47, 43.33], p < 0.01). Stunting was also associated with increased odds of having any MND (2.06 [1.31, 3.25], p < 0.01).

Interpretation

More female adolescents were overweight than undernourished in Vietnam in 2020. However, undernutrition, low serum zinc, and ID remain prevalent. Food systems approaches should be considered to stem the stark increase in the double burden of malnutrition in young people living in Vietnam.

Funding

UK BBSRC BB/T008989/1.

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来源期刊
The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific
The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific Medicine-Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
305
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, a gold open access journal, is an integral part of The Lancet's global initiative advocating for healthcare quality and access worldwide. It aims to advance clinical practice and health policy in the Western Pacific region, contributing to enhanced health outcomes. The journal publishes high-quality original research shedding light on clinical practice and health policy in the region. It also includes reviews, commentaries, and opinion pieces covering diverse regional health topics, such as infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, child and adolescent health, maternal and reproductive health, aging health, mental health, the health workforce and systems, and health policy.
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