电动汽车如何摆脱稀土陷阱?使用奇特材料和巧妙配置的实验电机前景广阔

IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Spectrum Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10622061
Vandana Rallabandi;Burak Ozpineci;Praveen Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

两难境地一目了然。全球应对气候变化的努力取决于能否大幅减少化石燃料的使用。要做到这一点,就必须实现交通电气化,主要是将内燃机汽车转变为电力传动系统汽车。这种大规模的转变将不可避免地意味着要更多地使用电力牵引电机,而几乎所有的电力牵引电机都依赖于含有稀土元素的磁铁,而稀土元素在矿石开采和加工成工业有用的形式时会造成严重的环境退化。对于中国以外的汽车制造商来说,还有一个额外的阻碍因素:目前,约 90% 的加工稀土元素来自中国,因此对这些公司而言,对稀土的依赖性不断增加意味着关键供应链的脆弱性不断增加。
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How EVs Can Escape the Rare Earth Trap: Promising Experimental Motors are Using Exotic Materials and Ingenious Configurations
THE DILEMMA IS EASY TO DESCRIBE. Global efforts to combat climate change hinge on pivoting sharply away from fossil fuels. To do that will require electrifying transportation, primarily by shifting from vehicles with combustion engines to ones with electric drive trains. Such a massive shift will inevitably mean far greater use of electric traction motors, nearly all of which rely on magnets that contain rare earth elements, which cause substantial environmental degradation when their ores are extracted and then processed into industrially useful forms. And for automakers outside of China, there is an additional deterrent: Roughly 90 percent of processed rare earth elements now come from China, so for these companies, increasing dependence on rare earths means growing vulnerability in critical supply chains.
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来源期刊
IEEE Spectrum
IEEE Spectrum 工程技术-工程:电子与电气
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
254
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: IEEE Spectrum Magazine, the flagship publication of the IEEE, explores the development, applications and implications of new technologies. It anticipates trends in engineering, science, and technology, and provides a forum for understanding, discussion and leadership in these areas. IEEE Spectrum is the world''s leading engineering and scientific magazine. Read by over 300,000 engineers worldwide, Spectrum provides international coverage of all technical issues and advances in computers, communications, and electronics. Written in clear, concise language for the non-specialist, Spectrum''s high editorial standards and worldwide resources ensure technical accuracy and state-of-the-art relevance.
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