高致病性 EA/AM H5N1 病毒株爆发期间非典型野鸟宿主群体中禽流感病毒的流行情况

IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI:10.1155/2024/4009552
Jourdan M. Ringenberg, Kelsey Weir, Lee Humberg, Carl Voglewede, Mitch Oswald, J. Jeffrey Root, Krista Dilione, Evan Casey, Michael Milleson, Timothy Linder, Julianna Lenoch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2021 年在北美发现的高致病性禽流感 H5N1 欧亚系鹅/广东支系 2.3.4.4b 病毒疫情是历史上规模最大的一次,对整个北美大陆的野鸟种群和家禽造成了严重影响。同类鸟类可能在将病毒横向传播给其他野鸟物种和家禽方面发挥了重要作用。了解高致病性禽流感在非典型或非贮源野鸟宿主中的动态,有助于为管理决策以及野鸟和家禽种群的潜在风险因素提供信息。在美国印第安纳州的两处商业场所确认家禽感染高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒后,我们对 266 只哥伦布类和百灵鸟类鸟类进行了采样和检测,结果发现这两处场所均未检测到病毒。我们还进一步查询了国家动物健康实验室网络内的实验室,以了解从发病/死亡事件中提交的野鸟禽流感(AI)病毒诊断检测结果,在 2022 年 2 月至 2023 年 3 月期间,共检测了 8 个订单的 9368 只鸟类,检测到 1543 种禽流感病毒。查询结果按分类群组评估了病毒流行情况,结果表明,病毒最常出现在食肉鸟类和食腐鸟类中。猛禽的病毒感染率最高(0.2514),而专门食腐的猫科动物的病毒感染率则高达 0.5333。有证据表明,食用受感染的组织是禽流感病毒在食肉鸟类和食腐鸟类中传播的主要途径。虽然在包括哥伦布形目和百灵目在内的非捕食性同类鸟类中也发现了病毒,但这些鸟类之间的传播风险似乎相对较低。在全球高致病性禽流感 H5N1 在野生鸟类种群中爆发期间,了解禽流感病毒在同类鸟类中的动态可为病毒传播、疾病生态学以及对人类和农业的风险提供相关信息。
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Prevalence of Avian Influenza Virus in Atypical Wild Birds Host Groups during an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Strain EA/AM H5N1

The global outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 Eurasian lineage goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b virus that was detected in North America in 2021 is the largest in history and has significantly impacted wild bird populations and domestic poultry across the continent. Synanthropic birds may play an important role in transmitting the virus laterally to other wild bird species and domestic poultry. Understanding the dynamics of HPAI in atypical, or nonreservoir, wild bird hosts may help inform management decisions and potential risk factors to both wild and domestic bird populations. Following the confirmation of infections of HPAI H5N1 in domestic poultry at two commercial premises in Indiana, United States, we sampled and tested 266 Columbiformes and Passeriformes birds and found no detections of the virus at either location. We further queried laboratories within the National Animal Health Laboratory Network for avian influenza (AI) virus diagnostic test results for wild birds submitted from morbidity/mortality events, for a total of 9,368 birds tested across eight orders and 1,543 avian influenza virus detections between February 2022 and March 2023. Query results were assessed for viral prevalence by taxonomic group and suggested that the virus most often was observed in predatory and scavenging birds. The highest prevalence was observed in raptors (0.2514), with prevalence rates in exclusively scavenging Cathartidae reaching up to 0.5333. There is evidence that the consumption of infected tissues is a key pathway for transmission of AI viruses in predatory and scavenging birds. Although detections were found in nonpredatory synanthropic birds, including orders Columbiformes and Passeriformes, the risk of transmission from and between these groups appears comparatively low. Understanding the dynamics of AI viruses in synanthropic bird orders during the global HPAI H5N1 outbreak in wild bird populations can provide pertinent information on viral transmission, disease ecology, and risk to humans and agriculture.

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来源期刊
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
9.30%
发文量
350
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.
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