Neuro-ophthalmological pathology in a “Portrait of a Young Woman” from Roman Egypt at the Toledo Museum of Art (USA)?

Background

This case report discusses the possible incidence of a neuro-ophthalmological tumour identified in a high quality mummy portrait of a woman from Roman Egypt at the Toledo Museum of Art, USA (1971.13).

Methodology

This analysis employs the published methodological procedures and recommendations for iconodiagnosis.

Results/Discussion

Careful observation allows the identification of neuro-ophthalmological signs possibly consistent with a neuro-ophtalmological tumour. Differential diagnosis includes post-traumatic condition.

Conclusion/Perspectives

This case is another example of a neuro-ocular pathology in a funerary mummy portrait of a woman who lived over 1,800 years ago and adds to the few cases of medical conditions so far identified in portrait paintings from Roman Egypt.