{"title":"噬菌体在塑造肠道微生物群落中的作用","authors":"Md Rayhan Mahmud, Sanjida Khanam Tamanna, Sharmin Akter, Lincon Mazumder, Sumona Akter, Md Rakibul Hasan, Mrityunjoy Acharjee, Israt Zahan Esti, Md Saidul Islam, Md Maksudur Rahman Shihab, Md Nahian, Rubaiya Gulshan, Sadia Naser, Anna Maria Pirttilä","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2024.2390720","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phages are the most diversified and dominant members of the gut virobiota. They play a crucial role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbial community and consequently the health of humans and animals. Phages are found mainly in the mucus, from where they can translocate to the intestinal organs and act as a modulator of gut microbiota. Understanding the vital role of phages in regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and influencing human and animal health is an emerging area of research. The relevance of phages in the gut ecosystem is supported by substantial evidence, but the importance of phages in shaping the gut microbiota remains unclear. Although information regarding general phage ecology and development has accumulated, detailed knowledge on phage-gut microbe and phage-human interactions is lacking, and the information on the effects of phage therapy in humans remains ambiguous. In this review, we systematically assess the existing data on the structure and ecology of phages in the human and animal gut environments, their development, possible interaction, and subsequent impact on the gut ecosystem dynamics. We discuss the potential mechanisms of prophage activation and the subsequent modulation of gut bacteria. We also review the link between phages and the immune system to collect evidence on the effect of phages on shaping the gut microbial composition. Our review will improve understanding on the influence of phages in regulating the gut microbiota and the immune system and facilitate the development of phage-based therapies for maintaining a healthy and balanced gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340752/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Role of bacteriophages in shaping gut microbial community.\",\"authors\":\"Md Rayhan Mahmud, Sanjida Khanam Tamanna, Sharmin Akter, Lincon Mazumder, Sumona Akter, Md Rakibul Hasan, Mrityunjoy Acharjee, Israt Zahan Esti, Md Saidul Islam, Md Maksudur Rahman Shihab, Md Nahian, Rubaiya Gulshan, Sadia Naser, Anna Maria Pirttilä\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/19490976.2024.2390720\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Phages are the most diversified and dominant members of the gut virobiota. They play a crucial role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbial community and consequently the health of humans and animals. Phages are found mainly in the mucus, from where they can translocate to the intestinal organs and act as a modulator of gut microbiota. Understanding the vital role of phages in regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and influencing human and animal health is an emerging area of research. The relevance of phages in the gut ecosystem is supported by substantial evidence, but the importance of phages in shaping the gut microbiota remains unclear. Although information regarding general phage ecology and development has accumulated, detailed knowledge on phage-gut microbe and phage-human interactions is lacking, and the information on the effects of phage therapy in humans remains ambiguous. In this review, we systematically assess the existing data on the structure and ecology of phages in the human and animal gut environments, their development, possible interaction, and subsequent impact on the gut ecosystem dynamics. We discuss the potential mechanisms of prophage activation and the subsequent modulation of gut bacteria. We also review the link between phages and the immune system to collect evidence on the effect of phages on shaping the gut microbial composition. Our review will improve understanding on the influence of phages in regulating the gut microbiota and the immune system and facilitate the development of phage-based therapies for maintaining a healthy and balanced gut microbiota.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12909,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Gut Microbes\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":12.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340752/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Gut Microbes\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2024.2390720\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/21 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Gut Microbes","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2024.2390720","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/21 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Role of bacteriophages in shaping gut microbial community.
Phages are the most diversified and dominant members of the gut virobiota. They play a crucial role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbial community and consequently the health of humans and animals. Phages are found mainly in the mucus, from where they can translocate to the intestinal organs and act as a modulator of gut microbiota. Understanding the vital role of phages in regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and influencing human and animal health is an emerging area of research. The relevance of phages in the gut ecosystem is supported by substantial evidence, but the importance of phages in shaping the gut microbiota remains unclear. Although information regarding general phage ecology and development has accumulated, detailed knowledge on phage-gut microbe and phage-human interactions is lacking, and the information on the effects of phage therapy in humans remains ambiguous. In this review, we systematically assess the existing data on the structure and ecology of phages in the human and animal gut environments, their development, possible interaction, and subsequent impact on the gut ecosystem dynamics. We discuss the potential mechanisms of prophage activation and the subsequent modulation of gut bacteria. We also review the link between phages and the immune system to collect evidence on the effect of phages on shaping the gut microbial composition. Our review will improve understanding on the influence of phages in regulating the gut microbiota and the immune system and facilitate the development of phage-based therapies for maintaining a healthy and balanced gut microbiota.
期刊介绍:
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in human physiology, influencing various aspects of health and disease such as nutrition, obesity, brain function, allergic responses, immunity, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer development, cardiac disease, liver disease, and more.
Gut Microbes serves as a platform for showcasing and discussing state-of-the-art research related to the microorganisms present in the intestine. The journal emphasizes mechanistic and cause-and-effect studies. Additionally, it has a counterpart, Gut Microbes Reports, which places a greater focus on emerging topics and comparative and incremental studies.