Developing a strategic roadmap towards integration in Industry 4.0: A dynamic capabilities theory perspective

In recent years, the topic of the fourth industrial revolution has been discussed by industries and organizations. Currently, this topic has evolved beyond conceptualization, focusing more on challenges, capabilities, and benefits. This research aims to identify dynamic capabilities within the context of Industry 4.0. Employing literature review and content analysis, we utilized grounded theory to identify capabilities. Validation was achieved through feedback from 11 scholars using questionnaires and the Delphi method. The analysis confirmed the presence of 26 dynamic capabilities essential for Industry 4.0. Subsequently, the Dynamic Capabilities theory was applied to categorize these capabilities into ‘sensing,’ ‘seizing,’ and ‘reconfiguration.’ As a result, this study establishes a roadmap model that prioritizes capabilities for Industry 4.0 integration across these categories. It organizes capabilities based on priority for implementation and within each category, highlighting the most crucial ones determined by scholars' scores. This model provides a comprehensive understanding of the path towards integration in Industry 4.0.