评估作为三种暖季型草坪草耐阴预测指标的冠层形态

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI:10.1002/csc2.21331
Lisa L. Baxter, J. L. Fox, D. Jespersen, J. L. Snider, J. Zhang, Brian M. Schwartz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

提高耐阴性对于美国草坪草新品种的开发至关重要。比较草坪草在阳光照射减少情况下的覆盖率是确定耐荫性的一种流行而有效的方法,但需要数年时间进行评估。这项研究的目的是:(i) 比较在 73% 遮光率下生长的百慕大草(Cynodon spp.)、圣奥古斯汀草(Stenotaphrum secundatum)和紫霞草(Zoysia spp.)的实验基因型和栽培品种的表型差异;(ii) 确定这些物种是否在适应遮光方面进行了遗传改良。在佐治亚州蒂夫顿进行的这项为期 3 年的研究发现,当暴露在 73% 的遮荫条件下时,草坪草覆盖率的物种内不同基因型之间存在表型差异。试验性百慕大草 11-T-56 在遮荫条件下具有草坪覆盖率高、冠层高度低和季节性深绿色等优点。与市场上的栽培品种相比,圣奥古斯丁草的实验基因型表现出遗传改良;不过,在进一步选育之前,应在更强烈的遮荫条件下对这些基因型进行检测,以发现差异。来自几个草坪草育种项目的试验性泽雅草基因型的表现并未表明泽雅草属的耐荫性有明显改善。 在荫蔽条件下生长时,较新的泽雅草最初通过根茎和匍匐茎传播的速度似乎存在遗传差异。应开展进一步研究,以确定在自然树荫或结构下,幼苗生长是否是耐荫性的指标。总之,研究结果表明,树冠高度不能用来直接预测耐阴性,但可以用来识别对修剪频率要求较低的草坪草。
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Evaluating canopy morphology as predictive indicators of shade tolerance in three warm-season turfgrass species

Improving shade tolerance is critical for development of new turfgrass cultivars in the United States. Comparing turfgrass coverage under reduced sun exposure is a popular and effective method for determining shade tolerance, but requires years to evaluate. The objectives were to (i) compare phenotypical differences of experimental genotypes and cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), and zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) grown under 73% shade and (ii) identify whether genetic improvement for shade adaptation was made in these species. This 3-year study conducted in Tifton, GA, found phenotypic differences among genotypes within species for turfgrass coverage when exposed to 73% shade. The experimental bermudagrass, 11-T-56, possessed the superior combination of high green turfgrass coverage, low canopy height, and season long dark green color under shade. Experimental genotypes in St. Augustinegrass exhibited genetic improvement compared to commercially available cultivars; however, these genotypes should be examined under more intense shade to elicit differences before further selection. Performance of experimental zoysiagrass genotypes from several turfgrass breeding programs did not indicate significant improvement in the shade persistence within Zoysia spp. There appears to be genetic differences in the speed at which newer zoysiagrasses can initially spread by rhizomes and stolons when grown under shade. Further research should be conducted to determine if juvenile growth is an indicator of shade tolerance under natural tree shade or structures. Overall, results indicated that canopy heights cannot be used to directly predict shade tolerance but can be used to identify turfgrasses with reduced mowing frequency requirements.

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来源期刊
Crop Science
Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.
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