{"title":"图形的正方形是最优的(s,t)上位图","authors":"Yue Yan , Lan Lei , Yang Wu , Hong-Jian Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For two integers <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong>, if for every pair of disjoint subsets <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, with <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> has a spanning eulerian subgraph <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span> with <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>∩</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>0̸</mo></mrow></math></span>. Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> such that every <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian. A graph family <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <strong>optimally</strong> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong> if for every pair of given non-negative integers <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mrow><mi>G</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian if and only if <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≥</mo><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Hence the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50573,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","volume":"359 ","pages":"Pages 331-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Squares of graphs are optimally (s,t)-supereulerian\",\"authors\":\"Yue Yan , Lan Lei , Yang Wu , Hong-Jian Lai\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.013\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>For two integers <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong>, if for every pair of disjoint subsets <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, with <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> has a spanning eulerian subgraph <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span> with <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>∩</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>0̸</mo></mrow></math></span>. Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> such that every <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian. A graph family <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <strong>optimally</strong> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong> if for every pair of given non-negative integers <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mrow><mi>G</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian if and only if <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≥</mo><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Hence the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50573,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"volume\":\"359 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 331-342\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24003652\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24003652","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
Squares of graphs are optimally (s,t)-supereulerian
For two integers , a graph is -supereulerian, if for every pair of disjoint subsets , with , has a spanning eulerian subgraph with and . Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph is -supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function such that every -supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least . Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be -supereulerian. A graph family is optimally -supereulerian if for every pair of given non-negative integers , a graph is -supereulerian if and only if . Hence the -supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally -supereulerian.
期刊介绍:
The aim of Discrete Applied Mathematics is to bring together research papers in different areas of algorithmic and applicable discrete mathematics as well as applications of combinatorial mathematics to informatics and various areas of science and technology. Contributions presented to the journal can be research papers, short notes, surveys, and possibly research problems. The "Communications" section will be devoted to the fastest possible publication of recent research results that are checked and recommended for publication by a member of the Editorial Board. The journal will also publish a limited number of book announcements as well as proceedings of conferences. These proceedings will be fully refereed and adhere to the normal standards of the journal.
Potential authors are advised to view the journal and the open calls-for-papers of special issues before submitting their manuscripts. Only high-quality, original work that is within the scope of the journal or the targeted special issue will be considered.