图形的正方形是最优的(s,t)上位图

IF 1 3区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Discrete Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI:10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.013
Yue Yan , Lan Lei , Yang Wu , Hong-Jian Lai
{"title":"图形的正方形是最优的(s,t)上位图","authors":"Yue Yan ,&nbsp;Lan Lei ,&nbsp;Yang Wu ,&nbsp;Hong-Jian Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For two integers <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong>, if for every pair of disjoint subsets <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, with <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> has a spanning eulerian subgraph <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span> with <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>∩</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>0̸</mo></mrow></math></span>. Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> such that every <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian. A graph family <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <strong>optimally</strong> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong> if for every pair of given non-negative integers <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mrow><mi>G</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian if and only if <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≥</mo><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Hence the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50573,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","volume":"359 ","pages":"Pages 331-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Squares of graphs are optimally (s,t)-supereulerian\",\"authors\":\"Yue Yan ,&nbsp;Lan Lei ,&nbsp;Yang Wu ,&nbsp;Hong-Jian Lai\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.013\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>For two integers <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong>, if for every pair of disjoint subsets <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, with <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> has a spanning eulerian subgraph <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span> with <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>∩</mo><mi>E</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>0̸</mo></mrow></math></span>. Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> such that every <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian. A graph family <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <strong>optimally</strong> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-<strong>supereulerian</strong> if for every pair of given non-negative integers <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, a graph <span><math><mrow><mi>G</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> is <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian if and only if <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≥</mo><msub><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Hence the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-supereulerian.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50573,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"volume\":\"359 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 331-342\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24003652\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24003652","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

对于两个整数 s≥0,t≥0,如果对于每一对不相交的子集 X,Y⊂E(G),且 |X|≤s,|Y|≤t,G 有一个跨优勒子图 H,且 X⊂E(H)和 Y∩E(H)=0̸, 则图 G 是 (s,t)-supereulerian 的。Pulleyblank (1979) 证明,即使在平面图中,确定一个图 G 是否为 (0,0)-supereulerian 也是 NP-完全的。Xiong 等人(2021 年)发现了一个函数 j0(s,t),使得每个 (s,t)-supereulerian 图必须至少具有 j0(s,t) 的边连接性。实例表明,边缘连通性至少为 j0(s,t)并不足以保证图是(s,t)-超等图。如果对于每一对给定的非负整数 (s,t),当且仅当κ′(G)≥j0(s,t)时,图 G∈S 是 (s,t)-supereulerian 的,则图族 S 是最优 (s,t)-supereulerian 的。因此,在这样的图族中,(s,t)-上ereulerian 问题可在多项式时间内求解,且对边连接性的要求极低。在本研究中,我们证明了阶数至少为 5 的所有正方形图族是最优 (s,t)-supereulerian 的。
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Squares of graphs are optimally (s,t)-supereulerian

For two integers s0,t0, a graph G is (s,t)-supereulerian, if for every pair of disjoint subsets X,YE(G), with |X|s,|Y|t, G has a spanning eulerian subgraph H with XE(H) and YE(H)=. Pulleyblank (1979) proved that even within planar graphs, determining if a graph G is (0,0)-supereulerian is NP-complete. Xiong et al. (2021) identified a function j0(s,t) such that every (s,t)-supereulerian graph must have edge connectivity at least j0(s,t). Examples have been found that having edge connectivity at least j0(s,t) is not sufficient to warrant the graph to be (s,t)-supereulerian. A graph family S is optimally (s,t)-supereulerian if for every pair of given non-negative integers (s,t), a graph GS is (s,t)-supereulerian if and only if κ(G)j0(s,t). Hence the (s,t)-supereulerian problem in such a graph family can be solved in polynomial time with minimally required edge-connectivity. In this research, we prove that the family of all squares of graphs of order at least 5 is optimally (s,t)-supereulerian.

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来源期刊
Discrete Applied Mathematics
Discrete Applied Mathematics 数学-应用数学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
9.10%
发文量
422
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: The aim of Discrete Applied Mathematics is to bring together research papers in different areas of algorithmic and applicable discrete mathematics as well as applications of combinatorial mathematics to informatics and various areas of science and technology. Contributions presented to the journal can be research papers, short notes, surveys, and possibly research problems. The "Communications" section will be devoted to the fastest possible publication of recent research results that are checked and recommended for publication by a member of the Editorial Board. The journal will also publish a limited number of book announcements as well as proceedings of conferences. These proceedings will be fully refereed and adhere to the normal standards of the journal. Potential authors are advised to view the journal and the open calls-for-papers of special issues before submitting their manuscripts. Only high-quality, original work that is within the scope of the journal or the targeted special issue will be considered.
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