Haifeng Zheng , Lars Vesterdal , Evgenios Agathokleous , Xiangyang Yuan , Mingyue Yuan , Yansen Xu , Petr Heděnec , Bo Shang , Zhaozhong Feng , Johannes Rousk
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Exposure to O<sub>3</sub> and/or N deposition for four years was conducted within a free-air O<sub>3</sub> concentration-enrichment facility. Elevated O<sub>3</sub> reduced soil microbial respiration and biomass C but enhanced the enzymatic acquisition of C (i.e., potential soil hydrolase and oxidase activity) and shifted to a fungi-dominated community composition. These responses suggest that microbial C availability decreased and microbes allocated more energy to obtain C and nutrients from biochemically resistant substrates under eO<sub>3</sub>. Elevated O<sub>3</sub> decreased bacterial necromass C and total necromass C, which could explain the observed decreases in mineral-associated organic C and SOC. The effects of eO<sub>3</sub> on soil microbial C availability and community composition were strengthened by N addition, whereas there were no differences in the below-ground effects of eO<sub>3</sub> between the two poplar clones. Taken together, the increased soil extracellular enzyme activities and slightly increased particulate organic C content suggest that the microbial C pump pathway via microbial <em>ex vivo</em> modification was strengthened by eO<sub>3</sub>, whereas the pathway via microbial <em>in vivo</em> turnover was weakened, as suggested by the decreases in soil microbial respiration, biomass, necromass, and mineral-associated organic C. Our study provides evidence that aboveground eO<sub>3</sub> effects on trees may affect belowground microbial processing of organic matter and ultimately the persistence of SOC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109559"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ozone strengthens the ex vivo but weakens the in vivo pathway of the microbial carbon pump in poplar plantations\",\"authors\":\"Haifeng Zheng , Lars Vesterdal , Evgenios Agathokleous , Xiangyang Yuan , Mingyue Yuan , Yansen Xu , Petr Heděnec , Bo Shang , Zhaozhong Feng , Johannes Rousk\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109559\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Elevated ozone (eO<sub>3</sub>) and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are important climate change components that can affect plant growth and plant-soil-microbe interactions. However, the understanding of how eO<sub>3</sub> and its interaction with N deposition affect soil microbially mediated carbon (C) cycling and the fate of soil C stocks is limited. This study aimed to test how eO<sub>3</sub> and N deposition affected soil microbial metrics (i.e., respiration, enzyme activities, biomass, necromass, and community composition) and resulting soil organic C (SOC) fractions in the rhizosphere of poplar plantations with different sensitivity to O<sub>3</sub>. Exposure to O<sub>3</sub> and/or N deposition for four years was conducted within a free-air O<sub>3</sub> concentration-enrichment facility. Elevated O<sub>3</sub> reduced soil microbial respiration and biomass C but enhanced the enzymatic acquisition of C (i.e., potential soil hydrolase and oxidase activity) and shifted to a fungi-dominated community composition. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
臭氧(eO3)升高和大气氮(N)沉积是重要的气候变化因素,会影响植物生长以及植物-土壤-微生物之间的相互作用。然而,人们对高浓度臭氧(eO3)及其与氮沉降的相互作用如何影响土壤微生物介导的碳(C)循环以及土壤中碳储量的去向了解有限。本研究旨在测试 eO3 和氮沉积如何影响土壤微生物指标(即呼吸作用、酶活性、生物量、坏死物质和群落组成)以及对 O3 敏感性不同的杨树种植园根瘤层中由此产生的土壤有机碳(SOC)组分。在一个自由空气臭氧浓度富集设施中,对臭氧和/或氮沉积进行了为期四年的暴露。高浓度的 O3 降低了土壤微生物的呼吸作用和生物量 C,但增强了酶对 C 的获取(即潜在的土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性),并转向以真菌为主的群落组成。这些反应表明,在 eO3 条件下,微生物的碳供应量减少,微生物分配更多能量从生化抗性基质中获取碳和养分。高浓度的氧化亚氮降低了细菌坏死物质 C 和总坏死物质 C,这可以解释所观察到的矿物相关有机 C 和 SOC 的减少。氮的添加加强了 eO3 对土壤微生物 C 供应和群落组成的影响,而 eO3 的地下影响在两种杨树克隆之间没有差异。综上所述,土壤胞外酶活性的提高和微粒有机碳含量的略微增加表明,通过微生物体内外修饰的微生物碳泵途径被 eO3 加强了,而通过微生物体内周转的途径则被削弱了,这一点从土壤微生物呼吸、生物量、坏死物质和矿质相关有机碳的减少可以看出。我们的研究提供的证据表明,地面 eO3 对树木的影响可能会影响地下微生物对有机物的处理,并最终影响 SOC 的持久性。
Ozone strengthens the ex vivo but weakens the in vivo pathway of the microbial carbon pump in poplar plantations
Elevated ozone (eO3) and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are important climate change components that can affect plant growth and plant-soil-microbe interactions. However, the understanding of how eO3 and its interaction with N deposition affect soil microbially mediated carbon (C) cycling and the fate of soil C stocks is limited. This study aimed to test how eO3 and N deposition affected soil microbial metrics (i.e., respiration, enzyme activities, biomass, necromass, and community composition) and resulting soil organic C (SOC) fractions in the rhizosphere of poplar plantations with different sensitivity to O3. Exposure to O3 and/or N deposition for four years was conducted within a free-air O3 concentration-enrichment facility. Elevated O3 reduced soil microbial respiration and biomass C but enhanced the enzymatic acquisition of C (i.e., potential soil hydrolase and oxidase activity) and shifted to a fungi-dominated community composition. These responses suggest that microbial C availability decreased and microbes allocated more energy to obtain C and nutrients from biochemically resistant substrates under eO3. Elevated O3 decreased bacterial necromass C and total necromass C, which could explain the observed decreases in mineral-associated organic C and SOC. The effects of eO3 on soil microbial C availability and community composition were strengthened by N addition, whereas there were no differences in the below-ground effects of eO3 between the two poplar clones. Taken together, the increased soil extracellular enzyme activities and slightly increased particulate organic C content suggest that the microbial C pump pathway via microbial ex vivo modification was strengthened by eO3, whereas the pathway via microbial in vivo turnover was weakened, as suggested by the decreases in soil microbial respiration, biomass, necromass, and mineral-associated organic C. Our study provides evidence that aboveground eO3 effects on trees may affect belowground microbial processing of organic matter and ultimately the persistence of SOC.
期刊介绍:
Soil Biology & Biochemistry publishes original research articles of international significance focusing on biological processes in soil and their applications to soil and environmental quality. Major topics include the ecology and biochemical processes of soil organisms, their effects on the environment, and interactions with plants. The journal also welcomes state-of-the-art reviews and discussions on contemporary research in soil biology and biochemistry.