{"title":"埃塞俄比亚黑小茴香（Nigella sativa L.）的生化特征。","authors":"Basazinew Degu Gebremedin, Bizuayehu Tesfaye Asfaw, Wendawek Abebe Mengesha, Kebebew Assefa Abebe","doi":"10.1155/2024/2746560","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black cumin (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.) seed oil has been used for its medicinal and aromatic values. Some studies revealed the presence of variability among <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes in seed oil content and yield. In Ethiopia, very few studies were conducted to investigate the variability of <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes by using biochemical traits. Thus, this study was conducted at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centers' experimental sites under field conditions during the 2021 cropping season to investigate the variability of Ethiopian <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes based on biochemical traits. Sixty-four genotypes were used and arranged in an 8 × 8 simple lattice design with two replications. Essential oils (EOs) and fixed oils were extracted by the respective methods of hydro distillation and solvent extraction. The univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses of the collected data were performed. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among genotypes in fixed oil yield per hectare (FOY), EO content (EOC), and EO yield per hectare (EOY). EOY had a significant positive correlation with FOY and EOC. It is expected to improve all biochemical traits by 17.39%-94.62% over the improved varieties by selection of the top 5% landraces. Therefore, genotypes 90504, 219970, and 013_ATH were the top 5% best performed landraces by FOY and EOY over the improved varieties. So, through selection, it would also be possible to improve the studied biochemical traits of the genotypes. The principal component (PC) analysis (PCA) of four biochemical traits showed 85.86% of the total variance captured by the first two PCs. EOY and FOY were the main contributor traits to the variation in the first PC, whereas FOC and EOC were the main contributor traits to the variation in the second PC. The genotypes were grouped into three different clusters based on four biochemical traits with significant intercluster distance. This showed that there was sufficient diversity among the genotypes which can be exploited for the future <i>N. sativa</i> improvement program in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14125,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343625/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biochemical Characterization of Ethiopian Black Cumin (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.).\",\"authors\":\"Basazinew Degu Gebremedin, Bizuayehu Tesfaye Asfaw, Wendawek Abebe Mengesha, Kebebew Assefa Abebe\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2024/2746560\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Black cumin (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.) seed oil has been used for its medicinal and aromatic values. Some studies revealed the presence of variability among <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes in seed oil content and yield. In Ethiopia, very few studies were conducted to investigate the variability of <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes by using biochemical traits. Thus, this study was conducted at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centers' experimental sites under field conditions during the 2021 cropping season to investigate the variability of Ethiopian <i>N. sativa</i> genotypes based on biochemical traits. Sixty-four genotypes were used and arranged in an 8 × 8 simple lattice design with two replications. Essential oils (EOs) and fixed oils were extracted by the respective methods of hydro distillation and solvent extraction. The univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses of the collected data were performed. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among genotypes in fixed oil yield per hectare (FOY), EO content (EOC), and EO yield per hectare (EOY). EOY had a significant positive correlation with FOY and EOC. It is expected to improve all biochemical traits by 17.39%-94.62% over the improved varieties by selection of the top 5% landraces. Therefore, genotypes 90504, 219970, and 013_ATH were the top 5% best performed landraces by FOY and EOY over the improved varieties. So, through selection, it would also be possible to improve the studied biochemical traits of the genotypes. The principal component (PC) analysis (PCA) of four biochemical traits showed 85.86% of the total variance captured by the first two PCs. EOY and FOY were the main contributor traits to the variation in the first PC, whereas FOC and EOC were the main contributor traits to the variation in the second PC. The genotypes were grouped into three different clusters based on four biochemical traits with significant intercluster distance. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
黑小茴香（Nigella sativa L.）种子油具有药用和芳香价值。一些研究表明，黑小茴香基因型在种子油含量和产量方面存在变异。在埃塞俄比亚，利用生化性状调查 N. sativa 基因型变异性的研究很少。因此，本研究于 2021 年种植季节在 Debre Zeit 和 Kulumsa 农业研究中心的实验场地进行，在田间条件下根据生化性状调查埃塞俄比亚芒草基因型的变异性。共使用了 64 个基因型，采用 8 × 8 简单网格设计，两次重复。精油（EO）和固定油分别采用水蒸馏法和溶剂萃取法提取。对收集到的数据进行了单变量、双变量和多变量分析。综合方差分析（ANOVA）显示，不同基因型在每公顷固定油产量（FOY）、环氧乙烷含量（EOC）和每公顷环氧乙烷产量（EOY）方面存在显著差异。EOY 与 FOY 和 EOC 呈显著正相关。通过选育前 5%的陆地品种，预计所有生化性状将比改良品种提高 17.39%-94.62% 。因此，与改良品种相比，基因型 90504、219970 和 013_ATH 是 FOY 和 EOY 表现最好的前 5%的陆稻品种。因此，通过选择，也有可能改善所研究基因型的生化性状。四种生化性状的主成分分析（PCA）显示，前两个 PC 占有总方差的 85.86%。EOY 和 FOY 是造成第一个 PC 变异的主要性状，而 FOC 和 EOC 则是造成第二个 PC 变异的主要性状。根据四个生化性状将基因型分为三个不同的聚类，聚类间距显著。这表明基因型之间存在足够的多样性，可用于埃塞俄比亚未来的藜麦改良计划。
Biochemical Characterization of Ethiopian Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.).
Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed oil has been used for its medicinal and aromatic values. Some studies revealed the presence of variability among N. sativa genotypes in seed oil content and yield. In Ethiopia, very few studies were conducted to investigate the variability of N. sativa genotypes by using biochemical traits. Thus, this study was conducted at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centers' experimental sites under field conditions during the 2021 cropping season to investigate the variability of Ethiopian N. sativa genotypes based on biochemical traits. Sixty-four genotypes were used and arranged in an 8 × 8 simple lattice design with two replications. Essential oils (EOs) and fixed oils were extracted by the respective methods of hydro distillation and solvent extraction. The univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses of the collected data were performed. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among genotypes in fixed oil yield per hectare (FOY), EO content (EOC), and EO yield per hectare (EOY). EOY had a significant positive correlation with FOY and EOC. It is expected to improve all biochemical traits by 17.39%-94.62% over the improved varieties by selection of the top 5% landraces. Therefore, genotypes 90504, 219970, and 013_ATH were the top 5% best performed landraces by FOY and EOY over the improved varieties. So, through selection, it would also be possible to improve the studied biochemical traits of the genotypes. The principal component (PC) analysis (PCA) of four biochemical traits showed 85.86% of the total variance captured by the first two PCs. EOY and FOY were the main contributor traits to the variation in the first PC, whereas FOC and EOC were the main contributor traits to the variation in the second PC. The genotypes were grouped into three different clusters based on four biochemical traits with significant intercluster distance. This showed that there was sufficient diversity among the genotypes which can be exploited for the future N. sativa improvement program in Ethiopia.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Food Science is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes research and review articles in all areas of food science. As a multidisciplinary journal, articles discussing all aspects of food science will be considered, including, but not limited to: enhancing shelf life, food deterioration, food engineering, food handling, food processing, food quality, food safety, microbiology, and nutritional research. The journal aims to provide a valuable resource for food scientists, food producers, food retailers, nutritionists, the public health sector, and relevant governmental and non-governmental agencies.
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