引力透镜揭示了静止星系周围 10-20 kpc 范围内的冷气体

IF 5.4 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Communications Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI:10.1038/s42005-024-01778-4
Tania M. Barone, Glenn G. Kacprzak, James W. Nightingale, Nikole M. Nielsen, Karl Glazebrook, Kim-Vy H. Tran, Tucker Jones, Hasti Nateghi, Keerthi Vasan Gopala Chandrasekaran, Nandini Sahu, Themiya Nanayakkara, Hannah Skobe, Jesse van de Sande, Sebastian Lopez, Geraint F. Lewis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与恒星形成星系相比,静止星系外围星系介质(CGM)中的冷气体数量相当,但它们的星际气体数量要少得多。然而,关于导致星系停止形成恒星并保持静止状态的过程,仍然存在一些未解之谜。理论认为,与热日冕的动力学相互作用阻止了冷气体进入星系,因此预测静止星系CGM的内部区域没有冷气体。然而,由于类星体视线方法缺乏空间信息,人们对CGM的内部区域缺乏了解。我们利用一个引力透镜状恒星形成星系,对一个大质量静止星系周围 10-20 kpc(2.4-4.8 Re)的区域进行了积分场光谱探测。我们探测到了镁(MgII)的吸收,这意味着存在大量的冷原子气体(108.4-109.3 M⊙,T~104开尔文),其数量与恒星形成星系相当。对哈勃成像的透镜建模还揭示了一个弥漫的不对称成分,其质量很大,与 MgII 吸收的空间范围一致,并偏离了星系的光剖面。这项研究展示了星系尺度引力透镜的威力,它不仅可以探测星系周围的气体,还可以独立探测由于引力效应而产生的CGM的质量。静止星系拥有与恒星形成星系相似数量的冷气体,然而星系为什么停止形成恒星仍然是一个未解之谜。作者利用一个引力透镜背景星系来探测大质量静止星系周围微弱、弥漫的冷气体,并利用透镜配置来约束这个气体库的总质量和几何形状,从而研究了被动星系保持静止状态的原因。
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Gravitational lensing reveals cool gas within 10-20 kpc around a quiescent galaxy
While quiescent galaxies have comparable amounts of cool gas in their outer circumgalactic medium (CGM) compared to star-forming galaxies, they have significantly less interstellar gas. However, open questions remain on the processes causing galaxies to stop forming stars and stay quiescent. Theories suggest dynamical interactions with the hot corona prevent cool gas from reaching the galaxy, therefore predicting the inner regions of quiescent galaxy CGMs are devoid of cool gas. However, there is a lack of understanding of the inner regions of CGMs due to the lack of spatial information in quasar-sightline methods. We present integral-field spectroscopy probing 10–20 kpc (2.4–4.8 Re) around a massive quiescent galaxy using a gravitationally lensed star-forming galaxy. We detect absorption from Magnesium (MgII) implying large amounts of cool atomic gas (108.4–109.3 M⊙ with T~104 Kelvin), in comparable amounts to star-forming galaxies. Lens modeling of Hubble imaging also reveals a diffuse asymmetric component of significant mass consistent with the spatial extent of the MgII absorption, and offset from the galaxy light profile. This study demonstrates the power of galaxy-scale gravitational lenses to not only probe the gas around galaxies, but to also independently probe the mass of the CGM due to it’s gravitational effect. Quiescent galaxies have similar amount of cool gas to star forming galaxies, yet why galaxies stop forming stars remains an open question. The authors investigate why passive galaxies remain quiescent using a gravitationally lensed background galaxy to probe the faint, diffuse cool gas around a massive quiescent galaxy, and use lensing configuration to constrain the total mass and geometry of this gas reservoir.
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来源期刊
Communications Physics
Communications Physics Physics and Astronomy-General Physics and Astronomy
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
3.60%
发文量
276
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Communications Physics is an open access journal from Nature Research publishing high-quality research, reviews and commentary in all areas of the physical sciences. Research papers published by the journal represent significant advances bringing new insight to a specialized area of research in physics. We also aim to provide a community forum for issues of importance to all physicists, regardless of sub-discipline. The scope of the journal covers all areas of experimental, applied, fundamental, and interdisciplinary physical sciences. Primary research published in Communications Physics includes novel experimental results, new techniques or computational methods that may influence the work of others in the sub-discipline. We also consider submissions from adjacent research fields where the central advance of the study is of interest to physicists, for example material sciences, physical chemistry and technologies.
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