COVID-19 大流行对尤卡坦小母猪(Sus scrofa domesticus)活动水平的影响。

Natasha E Barton, Jacob E Ref, Kyle E Cook, Ann L Baldwin, Sherry L Daugherty, Talal Moukabary, Adrian Grijalva, Saki Kazui, Pouria Mostafizi, Grace F Davis-Gorman, Jordan J Lancaster, Jen W Koevary, Steven Goldman
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摘要

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,患有心力衰竭和心房颤动的尤卡坦小型犬出现了意想不到的活动模式。作为实验室研究的一部分,我们通过尤卡坦迷你猪佩戴的 FitBark™ 项圈跟踪活动数据。以前,工作人员每天都会与猪接触,例如涂抹润肤露和进行 6 分钟的跑步机跑步。然而,由于大流行病的限制,与猪的互动减少到每周 1 到 2 次,每次互动时间往往不到 10 分钟。与预期相反,在这些最少的互动期间,猪的活动量显著增加。在清洁、保湿、称重和收集 FitBark 数据之后,工作人员通过喂食和玩耍与猪互动。对三个时间段进行了分析:大流行前、大流行期和回归期。在大流行前和恢复期,每天每头猪有两名工作人员进行 15 分钟的互动,以保持清洁和健康。大流行期间,互动减少到每周 1 或 2 次。10:00 到 14:00 之间的时间被指定为 "被动活动 "时间,代表猪的孤立行为,不受工作人员互动的影响。慢性心力衰竭猪(n = 3)在大流行前的平均被动活动曲线下面积值为 47.23 ± 2.52,而大流行时为 57.09 ± 2.90;大流行时为 57.09 ± 2.90,而再流行时为 50.44 ± 1.61;大流行前为 57.09 ± 2.90,而再流行时为 50.44 ± 1.61。心房颤动猪(n = 3)的平均被动活动曲线下面积最小交互作用(模拟大流行)值为 59.27 ± 6.67,而交互作用(模拟预流行或再发)为 37.63 ± 1.74。最小互动期间活动水平的提高表明,由于社会化程度降低,动物的生理和心理发生了变化。这凸显了丰富研究动物生活和互动的重要性,并强调了 COVID-19 大流行对研究成果的广泛影响。这些发现还可以揭示大流行病对人类行为的影响。
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COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on the Activity Levels of Yucatan Mini-Swine (Sus scrofa domesticus).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, unexpected activity patterns emerged among Yucatan mini-swine models for heart failure and atrial fibrillation. As part of our laboratory research, we tracked activity data by FitBark™ collars that the Yucatan mini-swine wore. Previously, staff engaged with the swine daily, such as applying lotion and conducting 6-min treadmill runs. However, pandemic restrictions reduced interaction to 1 or 2 times a week, often for less than 10 min each session. Contrary to expectations, there was a significant increase in the swine's activity levels during these minimal interaction periods. After cleaning, moisturizing, weighing, and FitBark data collection, staff engaged with the swine through feeding and play. Three time frames were analyzed: prepandemic, pandemic, and reentry. Prepandemic and reentry periods involved daily 15-min interactions with 2 staff members per swine to maintain cleanliness and health. During the pandemic, interaction was reduced to 1 or 2 times weekly. The hours between 1000 and 1400 were designated as 'passive activity', representing the swines' isolated behavior, unaffected by staff interaction. The chronic heart failure swine (n = 3) had an average passive activity area under the curve prepandemic value of 47.23 ± 2.52 compared with pandemic 57.09 ± 2.90, pandemic 57.09 ± 2.90 compared with reentry 50.44 ± 1.61, and prepandemic compared with reentry. The atrial fibrillation swine (n = 3) had an average passive activity area under the curve minimal interaction (mimicking pandemic) value of 59.27 ± 6.67 compared with interaction (mimicking prepandemic or reentry) 37.63 ± 1.74. The heightened activity levels during minimal interaction suggest physiologic and psychologic changes in the animals due to reduced socialization. This highlights the importance of enrichment and interaction in research animals and underscores the broader impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on research outcomes. These findings could also shed light on the effects of the pandemic on human behavior.

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American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners Position Statement: Handling and Physical Restraint of Research Animals. American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners Position Statement: Definition of Animal Welfare. Effect of Novel High-fat Diet Feeding Methods on Food Wastage, Weight Gain, Hair Coat Grease Accumulation, and Scratching Behavior in C57BL/6NCrl Mice. Identification and Treatment of Fur Mites (Radfordia lemnina) in California Deer Mice (Peromyscus californicus) Using Selamectin. American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners Position Statement: Animal Care Principles.
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