{"title":"缺水和缺氮对棉花光合作用、其基本组成过程和碳损失过程的交互影响","authors":"Ved Parkash, John L. Snider, Gurpreet Virk","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21328","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress and nitrogen (N) deficiency are important abiotic stresses that severely limit net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i><sub>N</sub>). A number of studies have investigated the underlying physiological limitations to <i>A</i><sub>N</sub> in response to water deficit or N deficiency; however, the relative sensitivities of photosynthetic component processes and carbon loss processes to combined drought and N deficiency in field-grown cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) have not been explored. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the effects of combined water deficit and nitrogen deficiency on the underlying physiological processes driving <i>A</i><sub>N</sub> in field-grown cotton. Water-deficit stress caused substantial reductions in <i>A</i><sub>N</sub>, but reductions in <i>A</i><sub>N</sub> were greater under optimum N conditions (74%) than under N deficiency (22%). Decreased CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion, RuBP regeneration, and Rubisco carboxylation were major contributors to a decline in <i>A</i><sub>N</sub> due to water-deficit stress. Reductions in Rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration were the greatest drivers of N deficiency-induced decline in <i>A</i><sub>N</sub>. Lower CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion and Rubisco carboxylation were main constraints to <i>A</i><sub>N</sub> due to combined water deficit and N deficiency. Regarding carbon loss processes, both dark respiration and photorespiration under water-deficit stress or N deficiency, and only photorespiration under combined water deficit and N deficiency, contributed to declines in <i>A</i><sub>N</sub>. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
干旱胁迫和氮(N)缺乏是严重限制净光合速率(AN)的重要非生物胁迫。许多研究已经调查了缺水或缺氮对净光合速率的潜在生理限制;然而,对于田间种植的棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.),光合组分过程和碳损失过程对干旱和缺氮的相对敏感性尚未进行探讨。因此,本研究的目的是确定缺水和缺氮对田间生长的棉花驱动 AN 的基本生理过程的影响。缺水胁迫导致 AN 显著降低,但在最适氮条件下 AN 的降低幅度(74%)大于缺氮条件下(22%)。二氧化碳扩散、RuBP 再生和 Rubisco 羧化的减少是缺水胁迫导致 AN 下降的主要原因。Rubisco 羧化和 RuBP 再生的减少是缺氮引起 AN 下降的最大驱动因素。二氧化碳扩散和Rubisco羧化降低是缺水和缺氮共同导致的AN下降的主要制约因素。在碳损失过程中,缺水胁迫或缺氮条件下的暗呼吸和光呼吸都会导致AN的下降,而只有在缺水和缺氮条件下的光呼吸才会导致AN的下降。非光化学淬灭和/或光蒸腾的增加防止了光系统 II 在胁迫条件下的光抑制。总之,光合作用对缺水胁迫的响应取决于氮的供应情况,导致 AN 下降的限速生理过程取决于当前胁迫的类型。
Interactive effects of water deficit and nitrogen deficiency on photosynthesis, its underlying component processes, and carbon loss processes in cotton
Drought stress and nitrogen (N) deficiency are important abiotic stresses that severely limit net photosynthetic rate (AN). A number of studies have investigated the underlying physiological limitations to AN in response to water deficit or N deficiency; however, the relative sensitivities of photosynthetic component processes and carbon loss processes to combined drought and N deficiency in field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have not been explored. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the effects of combined water deficit and nitrogen deficiency on the underlying physiological processes driving AN in field-grown cotton. Water-deficit stress caused substantial reductions in AN, but reductions in AN were greater under optimum N conditions (74%) than under N deficiency (22%). Decreased CO2 diffusion, RuBP regeneration, and Rubisco carboxylation were major contributors to a decline in AN due to water-deficit stress. Reductions in Rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration were the greatest drivers of N deficiency-induced decline in AN. Lower CO2 diffusion and Rubisco carboxylation were main constraints to AN due to combined water deficit and N deficiency. Regarding carbon loss processes, both dark respiration and photorespiration under water-deficit stress or N deficiency, and only photorespiration under combined water deficit and N deficiency, contributed to declines in AN. Increased non-photochemical quenching and/or photorespiration prevented photoinhibition of photosystem II under stress conditions. Overall, response of photosynthesis to water-deficit stress was dependent on N availability, and rate-limiting physiological processes contributing to declines in AN were dependent on the type of prevailing stress.
期刊介绍:
Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.