A review on exploring the potential of liquid hydrogen as a fuel for a sustainable future

The world’s fossil fuel dependence has led to a significant increase in emissions of carbon leading to environmental pollution/degradation. To conserve our fast-dilapidating environment, the search for sustainable and clean energy sources has become a top priority. Hydrogen is adjudged to be among the most likely alternative sources of energy for a sustainable future. Amongst the several forms of hydrogen, Liquid hydrogen has attracted considerable attention as a positive option owing to its high energy density, zero-emission characteristics, and potential to be produced from renewable sources. This review explores the differences between gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen, using of liquid hydrogen as an energy carrier and fuel cell, focusing on its potential to transform energy storage and transportation. This work also deals with reviews on the different liquefaction technologies applicable in the manufacture of liquid hydrogen based on efficiency.