空气污染物对上海哮喘患者肺功能和炎症反应的影响

Gui Fang Wang, You Zhi Zhang, Hai Yan Yang, Yi Yang, Liang Dong, Peng Zhang, Jie Liu, Xiao Dong Chen, Yi Gong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:空气污染是一个主要的公共健康问题。本研究调查了空气质量和污染物对上海哮喘患者肺功能和炎症的影响:研究对 27 名哮喘门诊患者进行了为期一年的监测,收集了有关天气、患者自我管理(每日哮喘日记、呼气峰值流量(PEF)监测、药物使用情况)、肺活量测定和血清标志物的数据。为了探索任何影响的潜在机制,用卵清蛋白(OVA)诱导哮喘小鼠暴露于 PM 2.5:统计和相关分析表明,空气污染物对哮喘有急性和慢性影响。急性暴露显示,PEF 与臭氧(O 3)和二氧化氮(NO 2)水平之间存在相关性。慢性接触表明,白细胞介素-5(IL-5)和白细胞介素-13(IL-13)的水平与 PM 2.5 和 PM 10 的浓度相关。在哮喘小鼠模型中,暴露于 PM 2.5 会增加细胞因子水平并恶化肺功能。此外,暴露于 PM 2.5 会通过阻断 NF-κB 和 ERK 磷酸化途径抑制细胞增殖:结论:环境空气污染物会恶化肺功能并增强 Th2 介导的炎症反应,从而加剧哮喘。具体而言,PM 2.5 在很大程度上导致了这些不良影响。要阐明 PM 2.5 对哮喘的影响机制,还需要进一步的研究。
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Impact of Air Pollutants on Lung Function and Inflammatory Response in Asthma in Shanghai.

Objective: Air pollution is a leading public health issue. This study investigated the effect of air quality and pollutants on pulmonary function and inflammation in patients with asthma in Shanghai.

Methods: The study monitored 27 asthma outpatients for a year, collecting data on weather, patient self-management [daily asthma diary, peak expiratory flow (PEF) monitoring, medication usage], spirometry and serum markers. To explore the potential mechanisms of any effects, asthmatic mice induced by ovalbumin (OVA) were exposed to PM 2.5.

Results: Statistical and correlational analyses revealed that air pollutants have both acute and chronic effects on asthma. Acute exposure showed a correlation between PEF and levels of ozone (O 3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). Chronic exposure indicated that interleukin-5 (IL-5) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels correlated with PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations. In asthmatic mouse models, exposure to PM 2.5 increased cytokine levels and worsened lung function. Additionally, PM 2.5 exposure inhibited cell proliferation by blocking the NF-κB and ERK phosphorylation pathways.

Conclusion: Ambient air pollutants exacerbate asthma by worsening lung function and enhancing Th2-mediated inflammation. Specifically, PM 2.5 significantly contributes to these adverse effects. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which PM 2.5 impacts asthma.

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