加拿大大熊湖混合极地湖的季节性温度和环流模式

IF 3.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1029/2024JF007650
Eddy Carmack, Svein Vagle, Homa Kheyrollah Pour
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大熊湖(GBL)是加拿大境内最大的湖泊,也是世界上最大的极地型湖泊。大熊湖对于德勒˛ne Got'ine(德勒˛ne Got'ine)人来说具有文化和生计价值。然而,它的物理湖泊学基线以及气候变暖和人为压力因素可能如何改变这一基线却很少受到关注。为了探索湖面热交换、风、季节性冰盖和热力学约束在 GBL 通风和分层的季节性进展中所起的作用,我们报告了来自 2008-09 年两次系泊的数据、卫星得出的湖面温度以及 1964 年的观测数据。三个空间受限过程调节着通风和分层的季节性模式。湖中温度全年保持在最大密度温度(TMDsurf = 3.98°C)以下。在这一区域,太阳辐射推动垂直对流,而冷却则形成分层。沿湖周边和五大臂内的水域在夏季确实会升至高于 TMDsurf 的温度,并出现分层现象。因此,内域和外域之间的混合会在 TMDsurf 处形成水域,从而形成汇聚下沉区或热压带。由于 TMD 随压力增大而减小,湖泊最深处(麦克塔维什臂,Zmax = 446 米)的通风需要风力辅助下沉,迫使表层冷水下沉到更接近当地 TMD 的深度,从而引发热压不稳定性,进而推动全深度通风。这些通风和分层模式限制了光照和营养物质的供应,从而确定了生物地球化学过程的速率,并调节着湖泊对气候变化的整体反应。
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Seasonal Temperature and Circulation Patterns in a Hybrid Polar Lake, Great Bear Lake, Canada

Great Bear Lake (GBL) is the largest lake entirely within Canada and the largest polar-type lake in the world. It holds cultural and sustenance value to the Délı˛ne Got'ine. However, its baseline physical limnology and how this may be altered by climate warming and anthropogenic stressors have received little attention. To explore the roles that surface heat exchange, wind, seasonal ice cover, and thermodynamic constraints play in the seasonal progression of ventilation and stratification of GBL, we report data from two 2008-09 moorings, satellite-derived lake surface temperatures, and observations made in 1964. Three spatially constrained processes regulate seasonal patterns of ventilation and stratification. Mid-lake temperatures remain below the temperature of maximum density (TMDsurf = 3.98°C) throughout the year. In this area, solar radiation drives vertical convection while cooling develops stratification. Waters along the perimeter of the lake and within its five major arms do rise above TMDsurf in summer and stratify. It follows that mixing between the inner and outer domains form water at TMDsurf to create a convergent sinking zone or thermal bar. Because TMD decreases with increasing pressure, ventilation in the deepest region of the lake (McTavish Arm, Zmax = 446 m) requires wind-aided downwelling to force cold surface water to a depth where it lies closer to the local TMD, triggering thermobaric instability, which then drives full-depth ventilation. These patterns of ventilation and stratification constrain the availability of light and nutrients, therefore setting rates of biogeochemical processes, and regulating the lake's overall response to climate change.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
10.30%
发文量
162
期刊最新文献
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