利用失序度量法区分排水量驱动型和排水面积驱动型切变,并量化河道陡度偏差

IF 3.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1029/2023JF007553
Marina Ruiz Sánchez-Oro, Simon M. Mudd, Boris Gailleton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基岩河流的河道内切速率通常采用幂律关系来描述,即侵蚀程度与排水面积成比例关系。然而,在降雨梯度较大的地貌中,用排水量而不是排水面积来描述侵蚀可能会更好。在本研究中,我们测试了这两种最终结果是否会在理想化的数值模拟和自然景观中产生可识别的地形特征。我们发现,在使用均质岩性的模拟中,我们可以通过量化河道剖面的相对无序程度(即支流剖面对主干河道和彼此剖面的模仿程度)来区分排水面积方案和排水驱动的切入方案。景观的异质性越强,就越难识别末端侵蚀规则的无序特征。然后,我们将这些指标应用到自然景观中,发现在八个测试区域中,没有明显的地形信号能让我们得出结论,认为排水或面积驱动的切割规则更合适。然后,我们对改变切割规则所引起的河道陡度指数失真进行了量化。假定的参考凹度指数的变化也会导致河道陡度指数失真,而且我们发现,经常被用作侵蚀率替代指标的归一化河道陡度指数对凹度指数变化的敏感度要高于假定的切入规则的变化。因此,即使在切入机制未知的情况下,优化凹度指数也是当务之急。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Using Disorder Metrics to Distinguish Discharge-Driven From Drainage Area-Driven Incision and Quantify Deviations in Channel Steepness

The rate of channel incision in bedrock rivers is often described using a power law relationship that scales erosion with drainage area. However, erosion in landscapes that experience strong rainfall gradients may be better described by discharge instead of drainage area. In this study, we test if these two end member scenarios result in identifiable topographic signatures in both idealized numerical simulations and in natural landscapes. We find that in simulations using homogeneous lithology, we can differentiate a posteriori between drainage area and discharge-driven incision scenarios by quantifying the relative disorder of channel profiles, as measured by how well tributary profiles mimic both the main stem channel and each other. The more heterogeneous the landscape becomes, the harder it proves to identify the disorder signatures of the end member incision rules. We then apply these indicators to natural landscapes, and find, among eight test areas, no clear topographic signal that allows us to conclude a discharge or area-driven incision rule is more appropriate. We then quantify the distortion in the channel steepness index induced by changing the incision rule. Distortion in the channel steepness index can also be driven by changes to the assumed reference concavity index, and we find that distortions in the normalized channel steepness index, frequently used as a proxy for erosion rates, is more sensitive to changes in the concavity index than to changes in the assumed incision rule. This makes it a priority to optimize the concavity index even under an unknown incision mechanism.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
10.30%
发文量
162
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