A Mukherjee, A Hartikainen, J Joutsensaari, S Basnet, A Mesceriakovas, M Ihalainen, P Yli-Pirilä, J Leskinen, M Somero, J Louhisalmi, Z Fang, M Kalberer, Y Rudich, J Tissari, H Czech, R Zimmermann, O Sippula
{"title":"住宅木材燃烧排放物中的黑碳和颗粒肺沉积表面积:静电除尘器和光化学老化的影响。","authors":"A Mukherjee, A Hartikainen, J Joutsensaari, S Basnet, A Mesceriakovas, M Ihalainen, P Yli-Pirilä, J Leskinen, M Somero, J Louhisalmi, Z Fang, M Kalberer, Y Rudich, J Tissari, H Czech, R Zimmermann, O Sippula","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175840","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residential wood combustion (RWC) remains a significant global source of particulate matter (PM) emissions with adverse impacts on regional air quality, climate, and human health. The lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations have emerged as important metrics to assess particulate pollution. In this study we estimated combustion phase-dependent emission factors of LDSA for alveolar, tracheobronchial, and head-airway regions of human lungs and explored the relationships between eBC and LDSA in fresh and photochemically aged RWC emissions. Photochemical aging was simulated in an oxidative flow reactor at OH• exposures equivalent to 1.4 or 3.4 days in the atmosphere. Further, the efficiency of a small-scale electrostatic precipitator (ESP) for reducing LDSA and eBC from the wood stove was determined. For fresh emission eBC correlated extremely well with LDSA, but the correlation decreased after aging. Soot-dominated flaming phase showed the highest eBC dependency of LDSA whereas for ignition and char burning phases non-BC particles contributed strongly the LDSA. Deposition to the alveolar region contributed around 60 % of the total lung-deposition. The ESP was found as an effective method to mitigate particulate mass, LDSA, as well as eBC emissions from wood stoves, as they were reduced on average by 72%, 71%, and 69%, respectively. The reduction efficiencies, however, consistently dropped over the span of an experiment, especially for eBC. Further, the ESP was found to increase the sub-30 nm ultrafine particle number emissions, with implications for LDSA. The results of this study can be used for assessing the contribution of RWC to LDSA concentrations in ambient air.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Black carbon and particle lung-deposited surface area in residential wood combustion emissions: Effects of an electrostatic precipitator and photochemical aging.\",\"authors\":\"A Mukherjee, A Hartikainen, J Joutsensaari, S Basnet, A Mesceriakovas, M Ihalainen, P Yli-Pirilä, J Leskinen, M Somero, J Louhisalmi, Z Fang, M Kalberer, Y Rudich, J Tissari, H Czech, R Zimmermann, O Sippula\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175840\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Residential wood combustion (RWC) remains a significant global source of particulate matter (PM) emissions with adverse impacts on regional air quality, climate, and human health. The lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations have emerged as important metrics to assess particulate pollution. In this study we estimated combustion phase-dependent emission factors of LDSA for alveolar, tracheobronchial, and head-airway regions of human lungs and explored the relationships between eBC and LDSA in fresh and photochemically aged RWC emissions. Photochemical aging was simulated in an oxidative flow reactor at OH• exposures equivalent to 1.4 or 3.4 days in the atmosphere. Further, the efficiency of a small-scale electrostatic precipitator (ESP) for reducing LDSA and eBC from the wood stove was determined. For fresh emission eBC correlated extremely well with LDSA, but the correlation decreased after aging. Soot-dominated flaming phase showed the highest eBC dependency of LDSA whereas for ignition and char burning phases non-BC particles contributed strongly the LDSA. Deposition to the alveolar region contributed around 60 % of the total lung-deposition. The ESP was found as an effective method to mitigate particulate mass, LDSA, as well as eBC emissions from wood stoves, as they were reduced on average by 72%, 71%, and 69%, respectively. The reduction efficiencies, however, consistently dropped over the span of an experiment, especially for eBC. Further, the ESP was found to increase the sub-30 nm ultrafine particle number emissions, with implications for LDSA. The results of this study can be used for assessing the contribution of RWC to LDSA concentrations in ambient air.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":422,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Science of the Total Environment\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Science of the Total Environment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175840\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/28 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science of the Total Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175840","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Black carbon and particle lung-deposited surface area in residential wood combustion emissions: Effects of an electrostatic precipitator and photochemical aging.
Residential wood combustion (RWC) remains a significant global source of particulate matter (PM) emissions with adverse impacts on regional air quality, climate, and human health. The lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations have emerged as important metrics to assess particulate pollution. In this study we estimated combustion phase-dependent emission factors of LDSA for alveolar, tracheobronchial, and head-airway regions of human lungs and explored the relationships between eBC and LDSA in fresh and photochemically aged RWC emissions. Photochemical aging was simulated in an oxidative flow reactor at OH• exposures equivalent to 1.4 or 3.4 days in the atmosphere. Further, the efficiency of a small-scale electrostatic precipitator (ESP) for reducing LDSA and eBC from the wood stove was determined. For fresh emission eBC correlated extremely well with LDSA, but the correlation decreased after aging. Soot-dominated flaming phase showed the highest eBC dependency of LDSA whereas for ignition and char burning phases non-BC particles contributed strongly the LDSA. Deposition to the alveolar region contributed around 60 % of the total lung-deposition. The ESP was found as an effective method to mitigate particulate mass, LDSA, as well as eBC emissions from wood stoves, as they were reduced on average by 72%, 71%, and 69%, respectively. The reduction efficiencies, however, consistently dropped over the span of an experiment, especially for eBC. Further, the ESP was found to increase the sub-30 nm ultrafine particle number emissions, with implications for LDSA. The results of this study can be used for assessing the contribution of RWC to LDSA concentrations in ambient air.
期刊介绍:
The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere.
The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.