通过虚假记忆揭示算术文字问题的心理表征:语义一致性的新见解。

IF 2.2 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1037/xlm0001373
Hippolyte Gros, Jean-Pierre Thibaut, Lucas Raynal, Emmanuel Sander
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于算术文字题的心理表征结构,错误记忆能告诉我们什么?语义一致性模型描述了世界语义在这些问题的编码、重新编码和求解中的核心作用。我们建议使用记忆任务来评估语义一致性模型关于解决算术文字问题时所构建表征的关键预测。我们设计了一些同构的单词问题,其区别仅在于问题陈述中包含的世界语义。一半的问题以数量(持续时间、高度、电梯楼层)为特征,提倡序数编码;另一半问题使用数量(重量、价格、集合),提倡心数编码。在用法语和英语进行的三项实验中,我们使用了突击记忆任务来研究成人在解题时的心理表征。在完成第一个解题任务后,参与者会接到一个意外任务:要么回忆问题(实验 1 和 2),要么从记忆中识别实验者引起的目标问题句子的变化(实验 3)。最重要的是,所有问题都包含一种特定的数学关系,这种关系在问题陈述中并不明确,只能通过序数编码来推断。我们利用参与者回答中是否存在这种关系来推断他们的表征结构。这三个实验的结果相辅相成,为语义一致性在算术推理中的作用提供了新的证据,为数字认知中的心数-序数区分的相关性提供了新的见解,也为使用记忆任务研究数学文字问题表征的变化提供了新的视角。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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Revealing mental representations of arithmetic word problems through false memories: New insights into semantic congruence.

What can false memories tell us about the structure of mental representations of arithmetic word problems? The semantic congruence model describes the central role of world semantics in the encoding, recoding, and solving of these problems. We propose to use memory tasks to evaluate key predictions of the semantic congruence model regarding the representations constructed when solving arithmetic word problems. We designed isomorphic word problems differing only by the world semantics imbued in their problem statement. Half the problems featured quantities (durations, heights, elevator floors) promoting an ordinal encoding, and the other half used quantities (weights, prices, collections) promoting a cardinal encoding. Across three experiments, in French and in English, we used surprise memory tasks to investigate adults' mental representations when solving the problems. After the first solving task, the participants were given an unexpected task: either to recall the problems (Experiments 1 and 2) or to identify, from memory, the experimenter-induced changes in target problem sentences (Experiment 3). Crucially, all problems included a specific mathematical relationship that was not explicit in the problem statement and that could only be inferred from an ordinal encoding. We used the presence or absence of this relationship in the participants' responses to infer the structure of their representations. Converging results from all three experiments bring new evidence of the role of semantic congruence in arithmetic reasoning, new insights into the relevance of the cardinal-ordinal distinction in numerical cognition, and a new perspective on the use of memory tasks to investigate variations in the representations of mathematical word problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
3.80%
发文量
163
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition publishes studies on perception, control of action, perceptual aspects of language processing, and related cognitive processes.
期刊最新文献
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