多听一英里：老年人比年轻人更费力地处理口语语义语境

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Ear and Hearing Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1097/AUD.0000000000001582

Tami Harel-Arbeli, Hagit Shaposhnik, Yuval Palgi, Boaz M Ben-David

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：老年人在语音处理过程中使用语义上下文进行预测，以补偿与衰老相关的感官和认知变化。本研究旨在测量与语境使用相关的衰老相关的努力程度变化：本研究重新研究了 Harel-Arbeli 等人（2023 年）使用 "视觉世界 "眼动跟踪范式得出的数据。研究从 14 名年轻人（21 至 27 岁）和 13 名老年人（65 至 79 岁）的子集中提取了情境使用效率（反应延迟和在听到目标之前注视目标的概率）和努力消耗（瞳孔放大）的数据：结果：两个年龄组在反应延迟和目标词预测方面都表现出了类似的语境受益模式，但只有老年人组在听语境句子时表现出了瞳孔放大的整体增加：结论：老年人对口语语义语境的有效利用似乎是以增加努力消耗为代价的。

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Taking the Extra Listening Mile: Processing Spoken Semantic Context Is More Effortful for Older Than Young Adults.

Objectives: Older adults use semantic context to generate predictions in speech processing, compensating for aging-related sensory and cognitive changes. This study aimed to gauge aging-related changes in effort exertion related to context use.

Design: The study revisited data from Harel-Arbeli et al. (2023) that used a "visual-world" eye-tracking paradigm. Data on efficiency of context use (response latency and the probability to gaze at the target before hearing it) and effort exertion (pupil dilation) were extracted from a subset of 14 young adults (21 to 27 years old) and 13 older adults (65 to 79 years old).

Results: Both age groups showed a similar pattern of context benefits for response latency and target word predictions, however only the older adults group showed overall increased pupil dilation when listening to context sentences.

Conclusions: Older adults' efficient use of spoken semantic context appears to come at a cost of increased effort exertion.

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来源期刊

Ear and Hearing 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

10.80%

发文量

207

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： From the basic science of hearing and balance disorders to auditory electrophysiology to amplification and the psychological factors of hearing loss, Ear and Hearing covers all aspects of auditory and vestibular disorders. This multidisciplinary journal consolidates the various factors that contribute to identification, remediation, and audiologic and vestibular rehabilitation. It is the one journal that serves the diverse interest of all members of this professional community -- otologists, audiologists, educators, and to those involved in the design, manufacture, and distribution of amplification systems. The original articles published in the journal focus on assessment, diagnosis, and management of auditory and vestibular disorders.