Ear and Hearing最新文献

Word Identification in School-Aged Children: Effects of Pitch Contour, Word Position, and Musicianship. 学龄儿童的词识别：音高轮廓、词位置和乐感的影响。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001788

Husna Firdose, Yingjiu Nie, Victoria André, Victoria Whitney

Objectives: This study aimed to examine how two features-sentence pitch contour and word position-affect speech perception in noise among children and whether these effects differ between musicians and nonmusicians.Design: The study included 51 children (20 musicians and 31 nonmusicians) aged 93 to 179 months (7.75 to 14.92 years) with normal hearing. Participants completed word identification tasks using the Sung Speech Corpus, a set of closed-set matrix sentences. Stimuli included sentences of five words varying in three sentence pitch contours-naturally spoken, mixed-pitch (different pitch for each word), and fixed-pitch (same pitch for each word)-at two signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) (0, +3 dB) using speech-shaped steady-state noise based on all the words combined. Neurocognitive functions, including nonverbal IQ, receptive vocabulary, and auditory short-term memory (STM) capacity, were assessed. Linear mixed-effects models analyzed the main effects and two-way interactions of pitch contour, word position in the sentence, SNR, and musicianship on word identification accuracy. Models were conducted with and without controlling for neurocognitive factors correlated with word identification accuracy to assess their impact. Recency-to-primacy differences (RP-differences) were calculated, and a separate linear mixed-effects model was used to examine the effects of pitch contour, SNR, and musicianship on RP-differences.Results: Significant main effects of pitch contour and SNR, as well as their interaction, were observed for word identification accuracy. Performance improved progressively from fixed-pitch to mixed-pitch to naturally spoken contours and with increasing SNR. The interaction indicated that unnatural pitch contours exacerbated the decline in word identification accuracy under the lower SNR. A U-shaped pattern emerged for word identification as a function of word position, with lower performance in the middle of a sentence and highest performance at the initial or final position, reflecting primacy and recency effects, respectively. The primacy effect was more negatively affected by unnatural pitch contours (mixed-pitch and fixed-pitch) than the recency effect, as indicated by larger RP-differences for distorted contours compared with the spoken contour. Musicians and nonmusicians had comparable nonverbal IQ and receptive vocabulary, but musicians demonstrated higher auditory STM capacity. While musicians outperformed nonmusicians in overall word identification, this advantage became nonsignificant when auditory STM capacity was controlled for. No significant interactions were found between musicianship and sentence pitch contour or SNR, suggesting that musician advantage did not specifically counteract pitch contour distortions or unfavorable SNRs. Both groups exhibited comparable RP-differences, indicating that enhanced auditory STM did not provide additional benefits

目的：本研究旨在探讨句子音高轮廓和单词位置这两个特征如何影响儿童在噪音环境下的言语感知，以及这些影响在音乐家和非音乐家之间是否存在差异。设计：该研究包括51名听力正常的儿童（20名音乐家和31名非音乐家），年龄93至179个月（7.75至14.92岁）。参与者使用宋氏语音语料库（一组闭集矩阵句子）完成单词识别任务。刺激包括以三个句子音高轮廓变化的五个单词的句子-自然说话，混合音高（每个单词的不同音高）和固定音高（每个单词的相同音高）-在两个信噪比（SNRs）（0, +3 dB）下使用基于所有单词组合的语音形状稳态噪声。神经认知功能，包括非语言智商、接受性词汇和听觉短期记忆（STM）能力，被评估。线性混合效应模型分析了音高轮廓、词在句子中的位置、信噪比和音乐关系对词识别准确率的主要影响和双向交互作用。模型在控制和不控制与单词识别准确性相关的神经认知因素的情况下进行，以评估其影响。计算近因差异（rp -差异性），并使用单独的线性混合效应模型来检验音高轮廓、信噪比和音乐关系对rp -差异性的影响。结果：音高轮廓和信噪比对单词识别准确率有显著的主影响，并具有交互作用。从固定音高到混合音高再到自然语音轮廓，随着信噪比的增加，性能逐渐提高。交互作用表明，在较低信噪比下，非自然音高轮廓加剧了单词识别准确率的下降。单词识别随单词位置的变化呈现u型模式，在句子中间位置表现较差，在句子开头或结尾位置表现最高，分别反映了首因效应和近因效应。非自然音高轮廓（混合音高和固定音高）对首因效应的负面影响大于近因效应，这表明，与口语轮廓相比，扭曲音高轮廓的rp差异更大。音乐家和非音乐家有相当的非语言智商和接受性词汇，但音乐家表现出更高的听觉STM能力。虽然音乐家在整体单词识别上优于非音乐家，但当听觉STM能力受到控制时，这种优势变得不显著。乐感与句子音高轮廓或信噪比之间没有发现显著的相互作用，这表明乐感优势并没有特别抵消音高轮廓扭曲或不利的信噪比。两组都表现出相当的rp差异，这表明听觉STM的增强并没有为记忆具有挑战性的单词提供额外的好处。结论：这些研究结果表明，与自然语音轮廓相比，混合音高和固定音高两种非自然音高轮廓都降低了儿童在噪音中的言语感知能力，其中固定音高条件下的表现最差。自由记忆中的首因效应和近因效应在学龄儿童五词序列的单词识别中表现明显，首因效应更容易受到音高轮廓扭曲的影响。音乐家对噪音的更高的言语感知主要归因于他们更大的听觉STM能力。然而，这种优势并没有扩展到对音高轮廓扭曲，不利的信噪比或具有挑战性的单词位置的记忆弹性。

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引用次数: 0

Bilateral Speech-Evoked Envelope Following Responses: Benefit and Impact of Interaural Asymmetries. 双侧言语诱发包络反应：耳间不对称的益处和影响。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001777

Vijayalakshmi Easwar, Michael Chesnaye, David W Purcell, Preeya Shete, Xin Zhou, Genevieve Olencewicz

Objectives: Speech-evoked envelope following responses (EFRs) are a promising objective metric to assess aided access to speech. However, most studies have used unilateral stimulation and therefore do not reflect typical everyday listening, which is usually bilateral. The purpose of this study was to investigate: (i) the benefits of bilateral over unilateral stimulation in terms of increased EFR amplitudes, and (ii) the influence of clinically relevant interaural asymmetries, including relatively large interaural time and level differences (ITDs, ILDs) potentially caused by unilateral hearing aid fitting and asymmetry in hearing thresholds, respectively.Design: In 42 adults with normal hearing, EFRs were elicited by male-spoken tokens /sashi/ or /sa/. The tokens enabled eliciting multiple EFRs, one at the fundamental frequency (f0) of voice (f0 EFRs; typically at ~80 to 100 Hz) by low, mid and high frequency phoneme bands, and one by the syllabic structure (slow-rate EFRs; <8 Hz). To evaluate the benefit of bilateral over unilateral stimulation, stimuli were presented bilaterally and unilaterally at 65, 50, 35, and 15 dB SPL. To evaluate the effect of ILDs, the stimulus in the right ear was held constant at 65 dB SPL whilst the stimulus in the left ear was lowered to create ILDs of 15, 30, and 50 dB. To evaluate the effect of ITD, the stimulus was delayed by 5.6 msec in the left relative to the right ear to simulate a left unilateral hearing aid fitting. EFRs were measured with a non-inverting electrode at the vertex and an inverting electrode at the nape.Results: Between 35 and 65 dB SPL, bilateral f0 EFR amplitudes were 80 to 127% larger than their unilateral counterparts. Relatively smaller (20 to 46%) increases in amplitude were evident for the slow-rate EFRs. Detection rates improved mainly at lower levels, increasing by up to 50% and 15% in bilateral relative to unilateral conditions for f0 and slow-rate EFRs, respectively. The large 5.6-msec ITD attenuated f0 EFR amplitudes significantly, but had no significant effect on the slow-rate EFRs. ILD reduced f0 and slow-rate EFR amplitudes, but had no noticeable impact on detection rates. When stimuli were audible in both ears (ILD < 30 dB), the bilateral f0 and slow-rate EFR amplitudes were slightly smaller than the sum of their unilateral counterparts, suggesting the presence of binaural interactions. The ratio of the bilateral to the unilateral sum of response amplitudes was 88 to 93% and 62 to 73% for the f0 and slow-rate EFRs, respectively.Conclusions: The significant bilateral advantage in f0 and slow-rate EFR amplitudes, especially for stimuli closer to hearing thresholds, encourages the use of bilateral stimulation where appropriate. While a large 5.6 msec ITD-such as those introduced by a unilateral hearing aid-reduced f0 EFR amplitudes, slow-rate EFRs remained unaffected. Thus, unilateral hearin

目的：言语诱发包络反应（EFRs）是一种很有前景的评估辅助语言获取的客观指标。然而，大多数研究使用的是单侧刺激，因此不能反映典型的日常听力，通常是双侧的。本研究的目的是调查：(i)双侧刺激比单侧刺激在增加EFR振幅方面的好处，以及（ii）临床相关的耳间不对称的影响，包括可能由单侧助听器拟合和听力阈值不对称分别引起的相对较大的耳间时间和水平差异（ITDs, ILDs）。设计：在42名听力正常的成年人中，通过男性说话的符号/sashi/或/sa/引发efr。这些标记可以引发多个EFR，一个是在语音的基频（f0）上（f0 EFRs；通常在~80 ~ 100 Hz）的低、中、高频音素波段，另一个是在音节结构上（慢速EFRs）。结果：在35 ~ 65 dB声压级之间，双侧f0 EFR振幅比单侧大80 ~ 127%。相对较小的幅度增加（20% - 46%）在慢速率efr中是明显的。检出率主要在较低水平上提高，在双边情况下，与单方情况相比，在60和慢速efr情况下分别提高了50%和15%。大的5.6 msec过渡段显著地减弱了f0 EFR振幅，但对慢速率EFR没有显著影响。ILD降低了f0和慢速率EFR振幅，但对检出率没有明显影响。当双耳均可听到刺激时（ILD < 30 dB），双侧f0和慢速EFR振幅略小于单侧f0和慢速EFR振幅之和，提示存在双耳相互作用。双侧和单侧反应振幅之和的比例分别为88比93%和62比73%。结论：双侧EFR振幅的显著优势，特别是对于接近听力阈值的刺激，鼓励在适当的情况下使用双侧刺激。虽然大的5.6毫秒的过渡段（如单侧助听器引入的过渡段）减少了50个EFR振幅，但慢速EFR仍未受到影响。因此，声场中的单侧助听器配件可以利用慢速efr来防止假阴性。如果较好的耳朵有足够的可听性，则尽管存在ILDs，但仍保留了双侧优势。这项研究首次提供了80至100赫兹EFRs中可观察到的双耳相互作用的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Screening for Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness in Large Cohorts of Hearing Impaired and Diabetic Patients. 在听力受损和糖尿病患者大队列中筛查母系遗传性糖尿病和耳聋。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001780

Lukas Varga, Silvia Borecka, Martina Skopkova, Vibhuti Rambani, Marek Sklenar, Klaudia Cipkova, Terezia Kickova, Diana Ugorova, Zuzana Kabatova, Juraj Stanik, Milan Profant, Daniela Gasperikova

Objectives: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations account for up to 5% of hereditary hearing loss (HL) cases. Most commonly, the m.3243A>G mtDNA variant contributes to rare monogenic Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness or Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes syndromes. Different proportions of the mutated mtDNA (heteroplasmy) among the affected tissues result in variability in the clinical manifestation and severity of the phenotype. The aim of the presented study was to establish the prevalence of the m.3243A>G variant in large cohorts of patients with HL and diabetes in Slovakia and to evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlations and long-term cochlear implantation outcomes in a small subset.Design: Probands (n = 5957) were recruited via 3 independent nationwide studies on HL (hereditary HL group, n = 1145) and diabetes (general diabetes group, n = 4158, and monogenic diabetes group, n = 654; total n = 4812). DNA from peripheral blood and/or buccal mucosa was tested for the presence of the m.3243A>G variant using two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods-quantitative real-time PCR and digital PCR. Audiological and other clinical data of the identified variant carriers were also collected for phenotype evaluation.Results: We identified 25 probands harboring the m.3243A>G variant (0.42%). The prevalence was higher in the groups where genetic etiology was suspected-0.79% in the hereditary HL group and 1.68% in the monogenic diabetes group versus 0.14% in the general diabetes group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, we have identified the m.3243A>G variant in 38 family members. Heteroplasmy levels assessed by digital PCR ranged between 0.04 and 76% in peripheral blood and 0.01 and 92% in buccal samples. In most individuals, the symptoms manifested in the fourth decade of life in affected subjects with the Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness phenotype or isolated HL/diabetes, but as early as in the second decade in the probands with Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes. We observed high phenotype variability, ranging from severe multisystemic involvement through isolated symptoms to asymptomatic young "dormant" or very low heteroplasmy carriers. Only 38% of individuals with the m.3243A>G variant had both diabetes and HL. The heteroplasmy levels from buccal swabs showed a better correlation with the age of onset of both HL and diabetes than the age-adjusted blood heteroplasmy. On the other hand, the age-adjusted blood heteroplasmy was associated with overall severity of the disease (i.e., with a higher number of clinical symptoms). We show that the most typical audiogram configurations are flat (28% of the affected ears) and sloping (42% of the affected ears). Three individuals identified as cochlear implant recipients showed excellent and long-term stable functional outcomes. In addition, the authors report t

目的：线粒体DNA （mtDNA）突变占遗传性听力损失（HL）病例的5%。最常见的是，m.3243A >g mtDNA变异导致罕见的单基因母系遗传性糖尿病和耳聋或线粒体脑病、乳酸酸中毒和卒中样发作综合征。不同比例的突变mtDNA（异质性）在受影响的组织导致不同的临床表现和严重程度的表型。本研究的目的是确定m.3243A >g变异在斯洛伐克HL和糖尿病患者大队列中的患病率，并评估一小部分患者的基因型-表型相关性和长期人工耳蜗植入结果。设计：先显子（n = 5957）通过3项独立的全国性HL（遗传性HL组，n = 1145）和糖尿病（普通糖尿病组，n = 4158，单基因糖尿病组，n = 654，总n = 4812）研究招募。采用实时定量PCR和数字PCR两种聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法检测外周血和/或颊粘膜DNA中m.3243A >g变异的存在。还收集了鉴定的变异携带者的听力学和其他临床资料进行表型评估。结果：25个先证者携带m.3243A >g变异（0.42%）。在怀疑有遗传病因的人群中患病率更高——遗传性HL组为0.79%，单基因糖尿病组为1.68%，而普通糖尿病组为0.14% （p < 0.001）。此外，我们在38个家族成员中发现了m.3243A >g变异。数字PCR评估的外周血异质性水平在0.04 - 76%之间，口腔样本在0.01 - 92%之间。在大多数个体中，具有母系遗传性糖尿病和耳聋表型或孤立性HL/糖尿病的受影响受试者在生命的第四个十年出现症状，但在具有线粒体脑病、乳酸酸中毒和卒中样发作的先显子中，最早在第二个十年出现症状。我们观察到高表型变异性，范围从通过孤立症状的严重多系统累及到无症状的年轻“休眠”或非常低的异质性携带者。只有38%携带m.3243A >g变异的个体同时患有糖尿病和HL。与年龄调整后的血液异质性相比，口腔拭子的异质性水平与HL和糖尿病发病年龄的相关性更好。另一方面，年龄调整的血液异质性与疾病的总体严重程度相关（即临床症状的数量较多）。我们发现最典型的听力图配置是平坦的（28%的受影响的耳朵）和倾斜的（42%的受影响的耳朵）。三名人工耳蜗受者表现出良好和长期稳定的功能预后。此外，作者报告了首例镫骨手术成功的病例，患者确诊为线粒体疾病和耳硬化症。结论：遗传性HL和单基因糖尿病组的诊断率高于普通糖尿病组。严格的纳入标准要求同时存在糖尿病和HL，可能由于不同或不完整的表型表现而导致检出率降低。年龄调整后的血液异质性水平似乎可以很好地预测m.3243A b> g相关疾病的总体严重程度，但口腔黏膜异质性更能预测HL和糖尿病发病的年龄。

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引用次数: 0

Combining Speech-Evoked Potentials for More Sensitive Hearing Tests in Infants and Adults. 结合言语诱发电位的婴儿和成人更敏感的听力测试。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001784

Michael Alexander Chesnaye, David Wesley Purcell, Susan Diane Scollie, Vijayalakshmi Easwar

Objectives: Neural responses evoked by speech stimuli may help assess hearing in infants and young children who are unable to reliably participate in behavioral hearing tests. These responses entrain to the periodicity of the speech envelope and are therefore referred to as envelope-following responses (EFRs). EFRs occur at the voice's fundamental frequency (f0; usually >80 Hz) and lower frequency (<10 Hz) periodicities associated with, for example, phoneme and syllable transitions. This study focuses on statistical approaches for inferring frequency-specific and non-frequency-specific audibility of speech from f0 (f0-EFRs) and slow-rate (<10 Hz) EFRs (SR-EFRs). The objective was to improve test sensitivity by combining f0-EFRs and SR-EFRs across multiple speech stimuli.Design: Test sensitivity was assessed using electroencephalogram recordings from 66 normal-hearing participants (22 adults, 44 infants) in response to a modified male-spoken /susa∫i/ ("susashee") presented monaurally. The /susa∫i/ token evokes SR-EFRs and eight f0-EFRs: three f0-EFRs were evoked by the low frequency, first formants of the /u/, /a/, and /i/ vowels, three by the mid-frequency higher formants of the vowels, and two by the high frequency /s/ and /∫/ fricatives. The f0-EFRs were first analyzed separately, per fricative and per vowel formant, using Hotelling's T2 test (HT2) or a modified HT2 test (T2Diag). Vowels and fricatives were subsequently pooled within each frequency band (low, mid, high), and "combination tests" were conducted to assess the audibility of each band. Two approaches were assessed: (1) all HT2- or T2Diag-generated p values were pooled, per frequency band, and evaluated while accounting for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni or inverse χ2 approach, or (2) a single high-dimensional f0-EFR feature set was constructed, per frequency band, and evaluated with a single HT2 or T2Diag hypothesis test. Non-frequency-specific combination tests were also evaluated, which leveraged either all eight f0-EFRs simultaneously or all eight f0-EFRs in combination with SR-EFRs. Test specificity was evaluated using no-stimulus electroencephalogram background activity recorded from 10 adults.Results: For the frequency-band-specific assessments using f0-EFRs, test sensitivity was highest for the inverse χ2 method: Compared with the non-combined (phoneme- and formant-specific) f0-EFR analyses, detection rates increased by 0.04, up to 0.35. When leveraging all eight f0-EFRs simultaneously in the non-frequency-specific audibility assessment, detection rates increased by up to 0.55 relative to the low- and mid-frequency-band assessments, but only by 0.03 compared with the high-frequency-band assessment. The non-frequency-specific assessment, leveraging f0-EFRs and SR-EFRs simultaneously, led to a small (nonsignificant) increase (up to 0.02) in detection rates compared with using f0-EFRs alone. Detection

目的：言语刺激引起的神经反应可能有助于评估无法可靠参与行为听力测试的婴幼儿的听力。这些响应与语音包络的周期性有关，因此被称为包络跟随响应（EFRs）。EFRs发生在声音的基频（60；通常为80 Hz）和更低的频率(设计：使用66名听力正常的参与者（22名成人，44名婴儿）的脑电图记录来评估测试的灵敏度，这些记录是对单次呈现的修改后的男性说话/susa∫i/（“susashee”）的反应。/susa /i/标记唤起SR-EFRs和8个f0-EFRs: 3个f0-EFRs是由/u/、/a/和/i/元音的低频第一共振峰引起的，3个是由元音的中频高频共振峰引起的，2个是由高频/s/和/∫/摩擦音引起的。首先，使用Hotelling的T2测试（HT2）或改进的HT2测试（T2Diag），分别分析每个摩擦音和每个元音构成的f0- efr。元音和摩擦音随后在每个频带（低、中、高）内合并，并进行“组合测试”以评估每个频带的可听性。对两种方法进行评估：(1)将所有HT2或T2Diag生成的p值按频带汇总，并在使用Bonferroni或逆χ2方法进行多重比较时进行评估，或者(2)按频带构建单个高维f0-EFR特征集，并使用单个HT2或T2Diag假设检验进行评估。还评估了非频率特异性组合试验，该试验要么同时利用所有8个f0- efr，要么将所有8个f0- efr与sr - efr结合使用。使用记录10名成人的无刺激脑电图背景活动来评估测试的特异性。结果：对于使用f0-EFR进行频段特异性评估，反向χ2方法的测试灵敏度最高：与非组合（音素和共振峰特异性）f0-EFR分析相比，检出率提高了0.04，达到0.35。当在非频率特异性可听性评估中同时利用所有8个f0- efr时，检出率相对于低频段和中频频段评估增加了0.55，但与高频频段评估相比仅增加了0.03。与单独使用f0-EFRs相比，同时利用f0-EFRs和SR-EFRs的非频率特异性评估导致检出率小幅（不显著）增加（高达0.02）。SR-EFRs的检出率低于f0-EFRs，但在某些测试条件下，测试时间约30 min后检出率接近100%。结论：结合多个音素和音素共振体引发的语音诱发efr，提高了频率特异性和非频率特异性语音可听性评估的测试灵敏度。这种组合测试可用于快速获得初步的、非特定频率的听力评估，然后逐步专注于特定频率的评估。如果测试提前终止，例如，由于婴儿醒来，那么初步评估可能仍然提供有用的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Machine Learning-Based Diagnosis of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus With Altered Cognitive Function: An Event-Related Potential Study: Erratum. 基于机器学习的慢性主观性耳鸣认知功能改变诊断：一项事件相关电位研究：勘误。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001800

Jihoo Kim, Kang Hyeon Lim, Euijin Kim, Seunghu Kim, Hong Jin Kim, Ye Hwan Lee, Sungkean Kim, June Choi

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Hearing Function in US Older Adults. 美国老年人的表观遗传年龄加速和听力功能。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001797

Jessica S West, Qinyi Chen, Sherri L Smith, Jianxin Bao, Fei Zou, Yi-Ju Li, Rong Jiang

Objectives: Hearing loss is a prevalent condition in older adults. Epigenetic age acceleration has emerged as a potential biomarker for age-related diseases; however, there is limited evidence of the link between epigenetic age acceleration and hearing loss in older adults or how it varies by sex. This study is to investigate (1) the association between epigenetic age acceleration and hearing function and (2) sex differences in this association.

Design: Data from the Health and Retirement Study, a large, nationally representative sample of adults aged 50 yrs and older, were analyzed. The study included 1755 adults from the 2016 sample with epigenetic data. Epigenetic age acceleration included five epigenetic clocks: Horvath's age acceleration (HorvathAA), Hannum's age acceleration (HannumAA), phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAA), GrimAge acceleration (GrimAA), and methylation-based pace of aging estimate (DunedinPoAm). Multivariable regression models assessed the association between epigenetic age acceleration and mean hearing test score (linear) and hearing loss (logistic).

Results: The mean chronological age of 68.4 (SD = 9.4) was higher than the mean epigenetic age ranging from 53.9 (SD = 8.9) for HannumAge to 67.1 (SD = 8.6) for GrimAge. Overall, 58.4% of participants had hearing loss, with a mean hearing test score of 4.6 (1.4). Phenotypic age acceleration, GrimAA, and methylation-based pace of aging estimate were significantly associated with lower hearing test scores (β [95% confidence interval {CI}] = -0.081 [-0.15 to -0.01]; -0.150 [-0.22 to -0.08]; -0.089 [-0.16 to -0.02], respectively). These associations remained significant in females, while only GrimAA was still significant in males. GrimAA was associated with higher odds of hearing loss (odds ratio [95% CI] =1.23 [1.05 to 1.44]), and remained significant in females (1.47 [1.18 to 1.83]), but not in males.

Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of epigenetic age acceleration as a biomarker for hearing loss in older adults and underscores the importance of sex differences in aging research. Findings suggest further research is needed to explore epigenetic mechanisms as potential targets for interventions to mitigate hearing loss in older adults, particularly among females.

目的：听力损失是老年人的普遍状况。表观遗传年龄加速已成为年龄相关疾病的潜在生物标志物；然而，关于表观遗传年龄加速与老年人听力损失之间的联系或性别差异的证据有限。本研究旨在探讨(1)表观遗传年龄加速与听力功能之间的关系以及(2)这种关系中的性别差异。设计：对来自健康与退休研究的数据进行分析，该研究是一个大型的、具有全国代表性的50岁及以上成年人样本。该研究包括2016年样本中的1755名成年人的表观遗传数据。表观遗传年龄加速包括5种表观遗传时钟：Horvath年龄加速（HorvathAA）、Hannum年龄加速（HannumAA）、表型年龄加速（PhenoAA）、GrimAge年龄加速（GrimAA）和基于甲基化的衰老速度估计（DunedinPoAm）。多变量回归模型评估表观遗传年龄加速与平均听力测试分数（线性）和听力损失（逻辑）之间的关系。结果：平均实足年龄为68.4 (SD = 9.4)，高于HannumAge组的平均表观遗传年龄53.9 （SD = 8.9）至GrimAge组的平均表观遗传年龄67.1 （SD = 8.6）。总体而言，58.4%的参与者有听力损失，平均听力测试得分为4.6（1.4）。表型年龄加速、GrimAA和基于甲基化的衰老速度估计与较低的听力测试分数显著相关（β[95%可信区间{CI}]分别= -0.081[-0.15至-0.01]、-0.150[-0.22至-0.08]、-0.089[-0.16至-0.02]）。这些关联在女性中仍然显著，而只有GrimAA在男性中仍然显著。GrimAA与较高的听力损失几率相关（比值比[95% CI] =1.23[1.05 ~ 1.44]），在女性中仍然显著（1.47[1.18 ~ 1.83]），但在男性中不显著。结论：本研究强调了表观遗传年龄加速作为老年人听力损失的生物标志物的潜力，并强调了性别差异在衰老研究中的重要性。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究表观遗传机制作为干预措施的潜在目标，以减轻老年人，特别是女性的听力损失。

{"title":"Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Hearing Function in US Older Adults.","authors":"Jessica S West, Qinyi Chen, Sherri L Smith, Jianxin Bao, Fei Zou, Yi-Ju Li, Rong Jiang","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001797","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hearing loss is a prevalent condition in older adults. Epigenetic age acceleration has emerged as a potential biomarker for age-related diseases; however, there is limited evidence of the link between epigenetic age acceleration and hearing loss in older adults or how it varies by sex. This study is to investigate (1) the association between epigenetic age acceleration and hearing function and (2) sex differences in this association.Design: Data from the Health and Retirement Study, a large, nationally representative sample of adults aged 50 yrs and older, were analyzed. The study included 1755 adults from the 2016 sample with epigenetic data. Epigenetic age acceleration included five epigenetic clocks: Horvath's age acceleration (HorvathAA), Hannum's age acceleration (HannumAA), phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAA), GrimAge acceleration (GrimAA), and methylation-based pace of aging estimate (DunedinPoAm). Multivariable regression models assessed the association between epigenetic age acceleration and mean hearing test score (linear) and hearing loss (logistic).Results: The mean chronological age of 68.4 (SD = 9.4) was higher than the mean epigenetic age ranging from 53.9 (SD = 8.9) for HannumAge to 67.1 (SD = 8.6) for GrimAge. Overall, 58.4% of participants had hearing loss, with a mean hearing test score of 4.6 (1.4). Phenotypic age acceleration, GrimAA, and methylation-based pace of aging estimate were significantly associated with lower hearing test scores (β [95% confidence interval {CI}] = -0.081 [-0.15 to -0.01]; -0.150 [-0.22 to -0.08]; -0.089 [-0.16 to -0.02], respectively). These associations remained significant in females, while only GrimAA was still significant in males. GrimAA was associated with higher odds of hearing loss (odds ratio [95% CI] =1.23 [1.05 to 1.44]), and remained significant in females (1.47 [1.18 to 1.83]), but not in males.Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of epigenetic age acceleration as a biomarker for hearing loss in older adults and underscores the importance of sex differences in aging research. Findings suggest further research is needed to explore epigenetic mechanisms as potential targets for interventions to mitigate hearing loss in older adults, particularly among females.","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal Analysis of Intracochlear Electrocochleographic Amplitude Patterns in Cochlear Implant Recipients. 人工耳蜗受者耳蜗内超声振幅模式的纵向分析。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001793

Marlies Geys, Ahmet Kunut, Rahel Bertschinger, Ivo Dobrev, Andrea Kegel, Christof Röösli, Alexander Huber, Adrian Dalbert, Flurin Pfiffner, Leanne Sijgers

Objectives: Intracochlear electrocochleography (ECochG) in cochlear implant (CI) recipients is a potential tool for monitoring cochlear function during and after electrode array (EA) insertion. However, mechanisms underlying ECochG amplitude variations along the cochlear duct, and their significance for hearing preservation (HP), remain unclear. Therefore, a longitudinal study was conducted to monitor maximum ECochG amplitude and its tonotopic location from EA insertion to 1 yr postimplantation. It was hypothesized that changes in maximum amplitude (>30%) and/or shifts in its location (>1 octave) across timepoints reflect intracochlear alterations associated with residual hearing changes.Design: ECochG recordings were obtained in 80 adult CI recipients with measurable residual hearing. For Contour Advance (CI612) and Slim Straight (CI622) arrays (Cochlear Ltd.), recordings were taken from every second intracochlear electrode. For HiFocus SlimJ and MidScala arrays (Advanced Bionics LLC), recordings were obtained from all electrodes. Measurements were conducted at four timepoints: (1) intraoperatively, during EA insertion (Intraop1), (2) intraoperatively, immediately after full insertion (Intraop2), (3) approximately 7 wk after surgery (Postop1), and (4) approximately 1 yr after surgery (Postop2). 500 Hz tone bursts were used for acoustic stimulation and the magnitude of the difference between responses to alternating-polarity stimuli was analyzed. Tonotopic electrode locations were determined from postoperative cone beam computed tomography scans. Pure-tone audiograms were obtained preoperatively and at approximately 7 wk and 1 yr postoperatively. HP was determined using the HEARRING group formula.Results: Maximum ECochG amplitudes remained largely stable intraoperatively, with no significant difference between Intraop1 and Intraop2 in complete-case analysis (n = 44). In contrast, a significant decrease in maximum amplitude was observed between Intraop2 and Postop1 (p < 0.001). Participants with >30% amplitude reduction between the 2 intraoperative recordings (Intraop1 versus Intraop2) did not differ significantly in HP from those with stable amplitudes. However, those showing a >30% reduction in the early postoperative period (Intraop2 versus Postop1) showed significantly lower HP (p = 0.028). Nonapical peak location during Intraop1 occurred in 41% of the cases, although tonotopic location of the maximum peak during insertion monitoring (Intraop1) did not show a relationship with HP. Tonotopic location shifts of the maximum amplitude (>1 octave) were observed in a small subset of cases between consecutive recordings up to Postop2. However, peak location changes (apical, basal, stable) were not associated with significant differences in HP.Conclusions: Our results suggest that nonapical peak patterns are not necessarily markers of insertion trauma and may i

目的：耳蜗植入（CI）受者的耳蜗内电心动图（ECochG）是监测电极阵列（EA）插入期间和之后耳蜗功能的潜在工具。然而，ECochG振幅沿耳蜗管变化的机制及其对听力保护（HP）的意义尚不清楚。因此，我们进行了一项纵向研究，以监测从EA插入到植入后1年的最大ECochG振幅及其异位位置。假设最大振幅的变化（> - 30%）和/或其位置的变化（> - 1倍频）跨时间点反映了与残余听力变化相关的耳蜗内改变。设计：ECochG记录来自80名具有可测量残余听力的成年CI受者。对于Contour Advance （CI612）和Slim Straight （CI622）阵列（Cochlear Ltd），每秒钟记录一次耳蜗内电极。对于HiFocus SlimJ和MidScala阵列（Advanced Bionics LLC），从所有电极获得记录。测量在四个时间点进行：(1)术中，EA插入期间（Intraop1），(2)术中，完全插入后立即（Intraop2），(3)术后约7周（Postop1），(4)术后约1年（Postop2）。使用500 Hz的音调脉冲进行声刺激，并分析了交替极性刺激反应的差异幅度。异位电极位置由术后锥形束计算机断层扫描确定。术前、术后约7周和1年获得纯音听音图。HP采用HEARRING组公式测定。结果：术中最大ECochG波幅基本保持稳定，在全病例分析中，Intraop1和Intraop2无显著差异（n = 44）。相比之下，在Intraop2和Postop1之间观察到最大振幅显著下降（p < 0.001）。在两次术中记录（Intraop1和Intraop2）中振幅降低30%的参与者的HP与振幅稳定的参与者没有显著差异。然而，术后早期（Intraop2 vs . Postop1）血压降低30%的患者HP明显降低（p = 0.028）。在Intraop1期间，41%的病例出现了非根尖峰位置，尽管在插入监测期间（Intraop1）的最大峰位置与HP没有关系。在连续录音至Postop2之间的一小部分病例中观察到最大振幅（bb0.1倍频）的声位位移。然而，峰值位置的变化（根尖、基底、稳定）与HP的显著差异无关。结论：我们的研究结果表明，非耳尖峰型不一定是插入性创伤的标志，而可能反映了耳蜗完整性的变异性（例如，死区）。置入监测时峰值位置与术后HP无关，术中最大振幅和异位峰值位置均保持稳定。相比之下，术后早期ECochG振幅降低很常见，并与HP相关，这突出了研究最小化早期耳蜗内反应策略的必要性。总的来说，该研究证明了ECochG随时间监测耳蜗内过程的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Improved Singing Accuracy in Children With Bilateral Hearing Devices With More Musical Activities and Better Verbal Fluency. 通过更多的音乐活动和更好的语言流畅性提高双侧助听器儿童的歌唱准确性。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001786

Ritva Torppa, Li Xu, Lotta Keitilä, Laura Huhtinen-Hildén, Valerie Looi

Objectives: The singing pitch accuracy of children with hearing loss (HL) is typically poor, which may discourage them from singing. Improving this skill is important because it can further impact their cognitive and language development and overall well-being. In children with normal hearing (NH), improving singing pitch accuracy is associated with more musical activities and better language skills. We hypothesized that the singing pitch accuracy of children with HL (1) would be poorer than that of children with NH, (2) would improve more during the music intervention period than during the period without music intervention, (3) would be higher in children who participate in more informal musical activities and (4) would be higher in children who have better semantic verbal fluency performance.Design: The participants were 18 children with HL (age range: 3 to 6 years 10 months; 7 with bilateral cochlear implants, 7 with bilateral hearing aids, 4 with bimodal devices) and 20 children with NH (age range: 2 years 10 months to 6 years 10 months). Children with HL participated in remote or in-person music intervention for 10 weeks. A crossover study design was used, with waiting periods before and after the intervention. Three rounds of measurements were made for each child with HL, before and after each period (at T1, T2, and T3). Children with NH did not participate in the music intervention, and their singing pitch accuracy was measured at a single time point. Children sang the song "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star." A measure of mean note deviation assessed the accuracy of each individually sung note, while a measure of mean interval deviation assessed the accuracy of the relative pitch between two consecutively sung notes (e.g., C4 - F4 = 4th), both averaged across the sung sequence. The average of the "mean note" and "mean interval deviation" was used as a dependent variable in a Linear Mixed Model (LMM). For the semantic verbal fluency task, children listed as many animals as they could in one minute, and the number of correct animal words was calculated. Informal music participation was calculated from a parent-completed questionnaire. The mean of the frequency of these activities/number of correct animal words across T1, T2, and T3 was used in LMM.Results: The singing pitch accuracy of the children with bilateral HL group at baseline (T1) was similar to that of children with NH, and there were no significant effects of intervention versus waiting period on mean note/interval deviation. The LMM showed that (i) the more children with HL participated in informal music activities, the better their singing pitch accuracy (main effect, p = 0.009), and (ii) the better they were at the semantic verbal fluency task, the better their singing pitch accuracy (main effect, p = 0.014).Conclusions: Although a 10-week music intervention did not improve singing pitch accu

目的：听力损失儿童唱歌的音高准确性通常较差，这可能会影响他们唱歌的积极性。提高这项技能很重要，因为它可以进一步影响他们的认知和语言发展以及整体健康。在听力正常的儿童中，提高歌唱音调的准确性与更多的音乐活动和更好的语言技能有关。我们假设HL儿童(1)比NH儿童的歌唱音高准确性差，(2)在音乐干预期间比没有音乐干预期间提高更多，(3)参加更多非正式音乐活动的儿童更高，(4)语义语言流畅性表现更好的儿童更高。设计：参与者为18例HL患儿（年龄范围：3 ~ 6岁10个月；7例双侧人工耳蜗，7例双侧助听器，4例双侧助听器）和20例NH患儿（年龄范围：2岁10个月至6岁10个月）。患有HL的儿童参加了为期10周的远程或现场音乐干预。采用交叉研究设计，干预前后均有等待期。在每个周期前后（T1、T2和T3）对每个HL患儿进行三轮测量。患有NH的儿童没有参加音乐干预，他们的歌唱音调准确性是在一个时间点测量的。孩子们唱起了《一闪一闪小星星》。平均音符偏差测量评估每个单独演唱音符的准确性，而平均音程偏差测量评估两个连续演唱音符之间相对音高的准确性（例如，C4 - F4 = 4），两者在演唱序列中都是平均的。在线性混合模型（LMM）中，使用“平均音符”和“平均间隔偏差”的平均值作为因变量。在语义语言流畅性任务中，儿童在一分钟内尽可能多地列出动物，并计算正确动物单词的数量。非正式音乐参与是通过家长填写的问卷来计算的。在LMM中使用这些活动的频率/在T1、T2和T3中正确动物单词的数量的平均值。结果：双侧HL组患儿在基线（T1）时的音高准确度与NH患儿相似，干预与等待时间对平均音符/音程偏差无显著影响。LMM结果显示：(1)HL患儿参加非正式音乐活动越多，其歌唱音高准确性越高（主效应，p = 0.009）；(2)语义言语流畅性任务表现越好，其歌唱音高准确性越高（主效应，p = 0.014）。结论：虽然在本研究中，为期10周的音乐干预并没有提高HL患儿唱歌的音调准确性，但这些新颖的结果表明，参与非正式的音乐活动以及语言技能，是HL患儿唱歌准确程度的重要因素。

{"title":"Improved Singing Accuracy in Children With Bilateral Hearing Devices With More Musical Activities and Better Verbal Fluency.","authors":"Ritva Torppa, Li Xu, Lotta Keitilä, Laura Huhtinen-Hildén, Valerie Looi","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001786","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The singing pitch accuracy of children with hearing loss (HL) is typically poor, which may discourage them from singing. Improving this skill is important because it can further impact their cognitive and language development and overall well-being. In children with normal hearing (NH), improving singing pitch accuracy is associated with more musical activities and better language skills. We hypothesized that the singing pitch accuracy of children with HL (1) would be poorer than that of children with NH, (2) would improve more during the music intervention period than during the period without music intervention, (3) would be higher in children who participate in more informal musical activities and (4) would be higher in children who have better semantic verbal fluency performance.Design: The participants were 18 children with HL (age range: 3 to 6 years 10 months; 7 with bilateral cochlear implants, 7 with bilateral hearing aids, 4 with bimodal devices) and 20 children with NH (age range: 2 years 10 months to 6 years 10 months). Children with HL participated in remote or in-person music intervention for 10 weeks. A crossover study design was used, with waiting periods before and after the intervention. Three rounds of measurements were made for each child with HL, before and after each period (at T1, T2, and T3). Children with NH did not participate in the music intervention, and their singing pitch accuracy was measured at a single time point. Children sang the song \"Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.\" A measure of mean note deviation assessed the accuracy of each individually sung note, while a measure of mean interval deviation assessed the accuracy of the relative pitch between two consecutively sung notes (e.g., C4 - F4 = 4th), both averaged across the sung sequence. The average of the \"mean note\" and \"mean interval deviation\" was used as a dependent variable in a Linear Mixed Model (LMM). For the semantic verbal fluency task, children listed as many animals as they could in one minute, and the number of correct animal words was calculated. Informal music participation was calculated from a parent-completed questionnaire. The mean of the frequency of these activities/number of correct animal words across T1, T2, and T3 was used in LMM.Results: The singing pitch accuracy of the children with bilateral HL group at baseline (T1) was similar to that of children with NH, and there were no significant effects of intervention versus waiting period on mean note/interval deviation. The LMM showed that (i) the more children with HL participated in informal music activities, the better their singing pitch accuracy (main effect, p = 0.009), and (ii) the better they were at the semantic verbal fluency task, the better their singing pitch accuracy (main effect, p = 0.014).Conclusions: Although a 10-week music intervention did not improve singing pitch accu","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wideband Absorbance Among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and Non-Aboriginal Children With Suspected Otitis Media Living in an Australian Urban Area. 澳大利亚城市地区原住民和/或托雷斯海峡岛民与非原住民疑似中耳炎儿童的宽带吸收。

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001796

Tamara Veselinović, Wilhelmina H A M Mulders, Helen Goulios, Valerie M Swift, Christopher G Brennan-Jones, Robyn S M Choi

Objectives: Otitis media (OM) is a significant health concern, particularly among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children who experience one of the highest rates of OM globally. This study aimed to evaluate the use and differences of wideband absorbance at ambient pressure (WBA) among urban Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal children with suspected OM based on standard tympanometry.

Design: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in Perth, Western Australia, recruiting children from both tertiary and community-based healthcare settings. A total of 53 children (106 ears) were included in this study, of which 30 children (60 ears) were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (mean age 4.67 ± 3.76, range: 0.59 to 14.96 years) and 23 children (46 ears) were non-Aboriginal (mean age 3.94 ± 1.53, range: 1.93 to 6.01 years). Each child underwent an audiological assessment, which included otoscopy, single-frequency tympanometry, WBA, otoacoustic emissions, and age-appropriate audiometry. Audiologist examination and interpretation of standard audiological results served as the reference standard for a suspected OM diagnosis.

Results: WBA analysis was performed on 104 ears, of which 30 ears were diagnosed with suspected OM using single-frequency tympanometry results. When comparing ears, mean WBA was similar between non-Aboriginal children and Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children without suspected OM at all frequencies (p > 0.05). Mean WBA was significantly reduced between 500 and 4000 Hz in all children with suspected OM, with a peak difference at 1600 Hz observed between groups (p < 0.001). Overall, WBA was more reduced in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with suspected OM compared with non-Aboriginal children with suspected OM, the only significant difference was observed at 800 Hz (p = 0.037).

Conclusions: For this sample of children living in an urban area, WBA is significantly reduced in the ears of children with suspected OM compared with those children with healthy middle ears. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children without suspected OM show comparable WBA results to non-Aboriginal children with normal ears. However, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with suspected OM exhibit lower overall WBA than their non-Aboriginal peers with OM, with a significant difference observed at 800 Hz. These findings support previous research that suggests WBA may be a valuable tool in detecting OM, particularly in high-risk populations. Further research is needed to investigate the factors contributing to reduced WBA in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with OM and to validate WBA's potential in addressing the under-detection of OM in this population.

目标：中耳炎是一个重大的健康问题，特别是在土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民儿童中，他们是全球中耳炎发病率最高的儿童之一。本研究旨在评估城市原住民和/或托雷斯海峡岛民与疑似OM的非原住民儿童在环境压力下宽带吸光度（WBA）的使用及其差异。设计：我们在西澳大利亚的珀斯进行了一项横断面观察性研究，招募了来自三级和社区医疗机构的儿童。本研究共纳入53例儿童（106耳），其中土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民30例（60耳），平均年龄（4.67±3.76）岁，范围（0.59 ~ 14.96）岁；非土著儿童23例（46耳），平均年龄（3.94±1.53）岁，范围（1.93 ~ 6.01）岁。每个孩子都接受了听力学评估，包括耳镜检查、单频鼓室测量、WBA、耳声发射和适合年龄的听力学。听力学家检查和标准听力学结果的解释作为疑似OM诊断的参考标准。结果：对104耳进行WBA分析，其中单频鼓室测量结果诊断疑似OM 30耳。在比较耳朵时，非土著儿童与土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民儿童之间的平均WBA在所有频率上都相似（p < 0.05）。在所有疑似OM的儿童中，平均WBA在500至4000 Hz之间显著降低，在1600 Hz时观察到组间最大差异（p < 0.001）。总体而言，与疑似OM的非原住民儿童相比，疑似OM的原住民和/或托雷斯海峡岛民儿童的WBA减少更多，唯一的显著差异是在800 Hz时观察到（p = 0.037）。结论：对于生活在城市地区的儿童样本，疑似OM儿童的耳中WBA明显低于健康中耳儿童。没有疑似耳聋的土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民儿童的WBA结果与耳朵正常的非土著儿童相当。然而，疑似脑脊炎的土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民儿童的整体脑脊炎水平低于患有脑脊炎的非土著儿童，在800 Hz时观察到显著差异。这些发现支持了先前的研究，即WBA可能是检测OM的宝贵工具，特别是在高危人群中。需要进一步的研究来调查导致土著和/或托雷斯海峡岛民OM儿童WBA减少的因素，并验证WBA在解决该人群OM未被发现的潜力。

{"title":"Wideband Absorbance Among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and Non-Aboriginal Children With Suspected Otitis Media Living in an Australian Urban Area.","authors":"Tamara Veselinović, Wilhelmina H A M Mulders, Helen Goulios, Valerie M Swift, Christopher G Brennan-Jones, Robyn S M Choi","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001796","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Otitis media (OM) is a significant health concern, particularly among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children who experience one of the highest rates of OM globally. This study aimed to evaluate the use and differences of wideband absorbance at ambient pressure (WBA) among urban Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal children with suspected OM based on standard tympanometry.Design: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in Perth, Western Australia, recruiting children from both tertiary and community-based healthcare settings. A total of 53 children (106 ears) were included in this study, of which 30 children (60 ears) were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (mean age 4.67 ± 3.76, range: 0.59 to 14.96 years) and 23 children (46 ears) were non-Aboriginal (mean age 3.94 ± 1.53, range: 1.93 to 6.01 years). Each child underwent an audiological assessment, which included otoscopy, single-frequency tympanometry, WBA, otoacoustic emissions, and age-appropriate audiometry. Audiologist examination and interpretation of standard audiological results served as the reference standard for a suspected OM diagnosis.Results: WBA analysis was performed on 104 ears, of which 30 ears were diagnosed with suspected OM using single-frequency tympanometry results. When comparing ears, mean WBA was similar between non-Aboriginal children and Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children without suspected OM at all frequencies (p > 0.05). Mean WBA was significantly reduced between 500 and 4000 Hz in all children with suspected OM, with a peak difference at 1600 Hz observed between groups (p < 0.001). Overall, WBA was more reduced in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with suspected OM compared with non-Aboriginal children with suspected OM, the only significant difference was observed at 800 Hz (p = 0.037).Conclusions: For this sample of children living in an urban area, WBA is significantly reduced in the ears of children with suspected OM compared with those children with healthy middle ears. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children without suspected OM show comparable WBA results to non-Aboriginal children with normal ears. However, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with suspected OM exhibit lower overall WBA than their non-Aboriginal peers with OM, with a significant difference observed at 800 Hz. These findings support previous research that suggests WBA may be a valuable tool in detecting OM, particularly in high-risk populations. Further research is needed to investigate the factors contributing to reduced WBA in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children with OM and to validate WBA's potential in addressing the under-detection of OM in this population.","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146108337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Ear and Hearing

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001787

Bruna S Mussoi

Objectives: While the mechanisms underlying age-related changes in speech recognition are thought to be multifactorial, cochlear synaptopathy has been proposed as a possible peripheral auditory contributor. Although evidence from animal and human temporal bone studies supporting the presence of age-related cochlear synaptopathy appears compelling, findings from prospective studies in humans have been less conclusive. The goals of this study were to investigate the effect of aging on measures historically used to assess retrocochlear function-speech recognition performance-intensity functions in noise, and high-level auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at two presentation rates, and to examine their association.

Design: Nineteen younger (18 to 36 yrs) and 19 older adults (65 to 81 yrs) with normal audiometric pure-tone averages and clinically present distortion product otoacoustic emissions took part in this study. All test materials were presented to the right ear through insert earphones. Performance-intensity functions were obtained using Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 words in multitalker babble, at 6 signal to noise ratios (SNRs) ranging from -5 to +20 dB SNR (noise fixed at 50 dB HL). ABRs were recorded in response to 80 dB nHL clicks presented at a slower rate (11.3/sec) and a faster rate (41.3/sec).

Results: The performance-intensity function slopes were comparable between the younger and older age groups, but older adults needed more favorable SNRs to achieve the same level of performance as their younger counterparts. The electrophysiological finding of lower I/V ABR amplitude ratios in older adults is consistent with an interpretation of cochlear synaptopathy. However, there was no association between the speech recognition performance-intensity function metrics and ABR I/V amplitude ratios, even though full performance-intensity functions were obtained, using low-context monosyllabic words that depend more heavily on peripheral processing.

Conclusions: Results of this study show that aging negatively impacted speech recognition in noise and ABR responses. Although the age-related reduction in ABR wave I/V ratios could be interpreted as evidence of cochlear synaptopathy, age did not differentially impact speech recognition in noise as a function of SNR. In addition, there was no association between the electrophysiological and performance-intensity function metrics. These results add to a growing list of perceptual measures that did not follow the pattern of results predicted by age-related cochlear synaptopathy, despite the expected reduction in ABR wave I/V ratios.

虽然语音识别中与年龄相关的变化的机制被认为是多因素的，但耳蜗突触病已经被认为是一个可能的外周听觉因素。尽管来自动物和人类颞骨研究的证据支持与年龄相关的耳蜗突触病的存在似乎令人信服，但来自人类前瞻性研究的发现却不那么确凿。本研究的目的是研究年龄对过去用于评估耳蜗后功能-语音识别性能-噪音强度功能和两种呈现率下的高水平听觉脑干反应（ABR）的影响，并研究它们之间的关联。设计：19名年轻人（18至36岁）和19名老年人（65至81岁）参加了这项研究，他们的听力纯音平均值正常，临床表现为耳声发射失真。所有测试材料通过插入式耳机呈现在右耳。在信噪比（信噪比）为-5 ~ +20 dB（噪声固定为50 dB HL）的6种情况下，使用西北大学多语人呀啊语听力测试第6号单词获得性能强度函数。以较慢（11.3/秒）和较快（41.3/秒）的速度记录80 dB nHL点击的abr。结果：运动强度函数斜率在年轻人和老年人之间具有可比性，但老年人需要更有利的信噪比才能达到与年轻人相同的运动水平。老年人较低的I/V ABR振幅比的电生理发现与耳蜗突触病的解释一致。然而，语音识别性能强度函数指标与ABR I/V振幅比之间没有关联，即使使用更依赖于外围处理的低上下文单音节词获得了完整的性能强度函数。结论：衰老对语音识别的噪声和ABR反应有负面影响。尽管与年龄相关的ABR波I/V比率的降低可以解释为耳蜗突触病的证据，但年龄对噪声中语音识别的影响并没有差异，这是信噪比的函数。此外，电生理和性能强度函数指标之间没有关联。尽管ABR波I/V比值预期会降低，但这些结果增加了越来越多的知觉测量，这些测量不遵循年龄相关耳蜗突触病预测的结果模式。

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引用次数: 0