青藏高原南部定日-唐古拉玉错裂谷流体起源和地热系统成因的化学和同位素制约因素

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Geothermal Energy Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1186/s40517-024-00311-8
Wei Liu, Maoliang Zhang, Yi Liu, Lifeng Cui, Yuji Sano, Sheng Xu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

喜马拉雅-西藏造山带中横贯喜马拉雅山脉和拉萨地块的伸展裂谷孕育了众多地热系统。然而,不同构造单元中的水文地质过程与地热流体循环之间的关系仍不清楚。在此,我们报告了定日-唐古拉玉科断裂温泉水的化学成分和同位素组成(包括主要元素和微量元素、δD、δ18O和87Sr/86Sr)的综合数据集,以评估其起源和循环过程。温泉的δ18O(- 21.3 至 - 17.0‰)和δD(- 166 至 - 135‰)值表明,来自海拔 > 6000 米地区的陨石水是主要补给水源,岩浆流体是次要补给水源。流星水可沿断层渗透到约 1700-2900 米深处,受到地热梯度和/或岩浆流体传导热量的影响。温泉水主要是 Na-HCO3 类型,受硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物溶解以及与深层流体混合的控制。化学和多组分地温仪的结果表明,储层温度为 115 - 195 ℃,相当于地热系统 3.96 × 105 J/s 至 1.78 × 107 J/s 的对流热通量,与意大利南部的低焓地热系统相当。为评估储层中的水-矿物平衡,进行了地球化学建模。痕量元素和 87Sr/86Sr 数据表明,与断裂有关的地热系统的控制因素在空间上是可变的:(1) 与喜马拉雅山花岗岩和碳酸盐岩的相互作用;(2) 冷地下水与拉萨地块花岗岩和火山岩沥滤的地下水混合;(3) 岩浆脱气产生的蒸汽输入。与伸展裂谷相关的温泉地球化学主要是由喜马拉雅山和拉萨地块的流体与不同储层岩石之间的相互作用引起的。根据这些发现,提出了定日-唐古拉玉科断裂地热资源勘探和开发的遗传模型。
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Chemical and isotopic constraints on fluid origin and genesis of geothermal systems in the Tingri-Tangra Yumco rift, southern Tibetan Plateau

Numerous geothermal systems are hosted by extensional rifts that transect the Himalayas and Lhasa block in the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen. However, the relationships between hydrogeological processes and geothermal fluid circulation in different tectonic units remain unclear. Here, we report an integrated dataset of chemical and isotopic compositions (including major and trace elements, δD, δ18O, and 87Sr/86Sr) of thermal spring water from the Tingri-Tangra Yumco rift to assess their origins and circulation processes. δ18O (− 21.3 to − 17.0‰) and δD (− 166 to − 135‰) values of thermal springs indicate dominant recharge of meteoric waters from areas with elevation of > 6000 m and minor addition of magmatic fluids. Meteoric water could infiltrate to depths of about 1700–2900 m along the faults, whereby it is influenced by geothermal gradient and/or conductive heat transfer of magmatic fluids. The thermal spring waters are mainly Na-HCO3 type and are controlled by dissolution of silicate and carbonate minerals and mixing with deep fluids. The results of chemical and multicomponent geothermometers indicate reservoir temperatures of 115 − 195 ℃, corresponding to a convection heat flux of 3.96 × 105 J/s to 1.78 × 107 J/s from geothermal systems, which are comparable to that of the low-enthalpy geothermal systems in southern Italy. Geochemical modeling is conducted to assess the water–mineral equilibria in the reservoir. Trace elements and 87Sr/86Sr data suggest spatially variable controlling factors for the rift-related geothermal systems: (1) interaction with granitoid and carbonate in the Himalayas; (2) cold groundwater mixing with that leaching from granite and volcanic rocks in the Lhasa block; (3) the input of vapors from magmatic degassing. The geochemistry of thermal springs associated with extensional rift is largely induced by the interaction between fluid and different reservoir rocks in the Himalayas and Lhasa block. Based on these findings, a genetic model is proposed for exploration and development of geothermal resources in the Tingri-Tangra Yumco rift.

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来源期刊
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
25
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.
期刊最新文献
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