Antibody-drug conjugates-related interstitial lung diseases: data mining of the FAERS database.

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is a serious adverse event (AE) associated with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). This study aims to delve deeply into the signals of AE associated with ILD linked to ADCs.

Research design and methods: The AE reports were extracted from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023 based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Signal mining was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method and the multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS) method. Data management, analysis, and visualization were carried out using Python, R software, and MySQL.

Results: A total of 1389 AE reports related to ILD with 11 types of ADCs as the primary suspected drugs were obtained. The age groups most represented were 61-80 age group. ILD-related AE signals were detected for 11 ADCs in the study. Trastuzumab deruxtecan showed the strongest signals in both for ROR and MGPS methods. The median onset time vary from 8 days to 207 days.

Conclusions: The signals of ILD AE associated with ADCs are notably strong. ILD should be closely monitored and assessed in the clinical use of ADCs taking full account of the efficacy and risks of these drugs.