{"title":"连续测量住宅室内和室外二氧化氮的动态变化以及对人类暴露的影响。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124881","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In residential environment, NO<sub>2</sub> is an important air pollutant. Yet, the dynamics of indoor NO<sub>2</sub> and source contributions to human exposure are not well understood. Here, we conducted a continuous NO<sub>2</sub> measurement in and out of eight households in Guangzhou, China. Paired high time-resolution NO<sub>2</sub> data sets indoors (kitchen, living room) and outdoors (balcony) were obtained with NO<sub>2</sub> monitors. We summarized the indoor and outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> levels, identified temporal variation patterns, analyzed indoor-outdoor relationships, and quantified source contributions to indoor NO<sub>2</sub> exposure. Indoor NO<sub>2</sub> were overall higher than outdoor NO<sub>2</sub>, and in most cases, the highest NO<sub>2</sub> levels were observed in the kitchen. NO<sub>2</sub> in the kitchen was characterized by multiple spikes associated with use of gas stoves, while NO<sub>2</sub> in the living room was also elevated but the peaks were generally smaller. The indoor-outdoor correlations were stronger in winter than in summer, and were stronger in nighttime than daytime. The sources contributing to indoor NO<sub>2</sub> were separated with a conceptual model. Overall, the outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> source contributed 73%–76% of the NO<sub>2</sub> in the kitchen, and 76%–85% in the living room. The source pattern was quite different: outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources were present indoors all the time; by contrast, indoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources were present sporadically but with a very high contribution. This has important implication to the exposure assessment that indoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources lead to short-term high exposure, and deserves attention regarding acute health effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Continuous measurement of the dynamics of residential indoor and outdoor NO2 and the contributions to human exposure\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124881\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In residential environment, NO<sub>2</sub> is an important air pollutant. Yet, the dynamics of indoor NO<sub>2</sub> and source contributions to human exposure are not well understood. Here, we conducted a continuous NO<sub>2</sub> measurement in and out of eight households in Guangzhou, China. Paired high time-resolution NO<sub>2</sub> data sets indoors (kitchen, living room) and outdoors (balcony) were obtained with NO<sub>2</sub> monitors. We summarized the indoor and outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> levels, identified temporal variation patterns, analyzed indoor-outdoor relationships, and quantified source contributions to indoor NO<sub>2</sub> exposure. Indoor NO<sub>2</sub> were overall higher than outdoor NO<sub>2</sub>, and in most cases, the highest NO<sub>2</sub> levels were observed in the kitchen. NO<sub>2</sub> in the kitchen was characterized by multiple spikes associated with use of gas stoves, while NO<sub>2</sub> in the living room was also elevated but the peaks were generally smaller. The indoor-outdoor correlations were stronger in winter than in summer, and were stronger in nighttime than daytime. The sources contributing to indoor NO<sub>2</sub> were separated with a conceptual model. Overall, the outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> source contributed 73%–76% of the NO<sub>2</sub> in the kitchen, and 76%–85% in the living room. The source pattern was quite different: outdoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources were present indoors all the time; by contrast, indoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources were present sporadically but with a very high contribution. This has important implication to the exposure assessment that indoor NO<sub>2</sub> sources lead to short-term high exposure, and deserves attention regarding acute health effects.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":311,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environmental Pollution\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":7.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environmental Pollution\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749124015951\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749124015951","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous measurement of the dynamics of residential indoor and outdoor NO2 and the contributions to human exposure
In residential environment, NO2 is an important air pollutant. Yet, the dynamics of indoor NO2 and source contributions to human exposure are not well understood. Here, we conducted a continuous NO2 measurement in and out of eight households in Guangzhou, China. Paired high time-resolution NO2 data sets indoors (kitchen, living room) and outdoors (balcony) were obtained with NO2 monitors. We summarized the indoor and outdoor NO2 levels, identified temporal variation patterns, analyzed indoor-outdoor relationships, and quantified source contributions to indoor NO2 exposure. Indoor NO2 were overall higher than outdoor NO2, and in most cases, the highest NO2 levels were observed in the kitchen. NO2 in the kitchen was characterized by multiple spikes associated with use of gas stoves, while NO2 in the living room was also elevated but the peaks were generally smaller. The indoor-outdoor correlations were stronger in winter than in summer, and were stronger in nighttime than daytime. The sources contributing to indoor NO2 were separated with a conceptual model. Overall, the outdoor NO2 source contributed 73%–76% of the NO2 in the kitchen, and 76%–85% in the living room. The source pattern was quite different: outdoor NO2 sources were present indoors all the time; by contrast, indoor NO2 sources were present sporadically but with a very high contribution. This has important implication to the exposure assessment that indoor NO2 sources lead to short-term high exposure, and deserves attention regarding acute health effects.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Subject areas include, but are not limited to:
• Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies;
• Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change;
• Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest;
• New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.
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