In-hospital outcomes of ad hoc versus planned PCI for unprotected left-main disease: An analysis of 8574 cases from British Cardiovascular Intervention Society database 2006–2018

Background

Although data suggests ad hoc percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) results in similar patient outcomes compared to planned PCI in nonselected patients, data for ad hoc unprotected left main stem PCI (uLMS-PCI) are lacking.

Aim

To determine if in-hospital outcomes of uLMS-PCI vary by ad hoc versus planned basis.

Methods

Data were analyzed from all patients undergoing uLMS-PCI in the United Kingdom 2006–2018, and patients grouped into uLMS-PCI undertaken on an ad hoc or a planned basis. Patients who presented with ST-segment elevation, cardiogenic shock, or with an emergency PCI indication were excluded.

Results

In total, 8574 uLMS-PCI procedures were undertaken with 2837 (33.1%) of procedures performed on an ad hoc basis. There was a lower likelihood of intervention for stable angina (28.8% vs. 53.8%, p < 0.001) and a higher rate of potent P2Y12 inhibitor use (16.4% vs. 12.1%, p < 0.001) in the ad hoc PCI group compared to the planned PCI group. Patients undergoing uLMS-PCI on an ad hoc basis tended to undergo less complex procedures. Acute procedural complications including slow flow (odds ratio [OR]: 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.86), coronary dissection (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.12–1.77) and shock induction (OR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.64–4.78) were more likely in the ad hoc PCI group. In-hospital death (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.19–2.27) and in-hospital major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.13–1.98) occurred more frequently in the ad hoc group. In sensitivity analyses, these observations did not differ when several subgroups were separately examined.

Conclusions

Ad hoc PCI for uLMS disease is associated with adverse outcomes compared to planned PCI. These data should inform uLMS-PCI procedural planning.