Multi-energy cooperative optimal scheduling of rural virtual power plant considering flexible dual-response of supply and demand and wind-photovoltaic uncertainty

With the vast land areas and abundant biomass resources, rural areas have significant potential for the development of distributed energy system. To mitigate the current rural energy use conflict, this paper formulates a novel virtual power plant framework based on the unique resource endowment of rural areas. Firstly, a more practical method of wind-photovoltaic output scenario generation is proposed by using time-varying copula. Subsequently, refine the utilization of hydrogen energy in the power-to-gas process to increase the energy efficiency of the system. On this basis, considering the variable power operation of the internal energy supply units and the demand response of various loads, a flexible dual-response mechanism for supply and demand is proposed. Ultimately, a ladder-type trading mechanism is used to guide the system for low-carbon operation. Simulation results indicate that 1) the time-varying copula function possesses better accuracy in measuring the correlation between wind and photovoltaic output. 2) power-to-gas with refined utilization of hydrogen improves system energy efficiency by 3.52%. 3) the dual-response mechanism for supply and demand can significantly lower the total cost and carbon emissions by 11.68% and 7.63%, respectively. 4) The ladder-type trading mechanism can equilibrate the carbon emissions and economics of the system.