中国的农业税改革、资本投资和结构转型

IF 5 2区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Structural Change and Economic Dynamics Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.strueco.2024.08.016
Rui Li, Huiting Yang, Jun Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

确定结构转型的驱动力对于理解经济发展至关重要。21 世纪初,中国经历了劳动力从农业部门向非农业部门的快速转移。这种转移通常被归因于工业部门的 "拉 "的力量,而农业部门的 "推 "的力量仍然鲜为人知。免征农业税改革结束了中国两千多年来对农民征收农业税的历史,本文研究了免征农业税改革在促进中国劳动力跨部门重新配置中的作用。我们的研究结果表明,免征农业税改革的推行显著增加了非农业劳动力的比例。机制分析表明,这项改革鼓励了农民的资本投资,提高了农业生产率,从而取代了过剩的农业工人。进一步的分析表明,改革引起的劳动力重新配置显著增加了第二产业的就业和产出,但对第三产业的影响相对较小。
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Agricultural tax reform, capital investment, and structural transformation in China

Identifying the driving forces of structural transformation is crucial for understanding economic development. In the early 21st century, China experienced a rapid labor shift from agricultural to non-agricultural sectors. This shift is often attributed to the industrial sector’s “pull” force, while the agricultural sector’s “push” force remains less understood. This paper investigates the role of the Agricultural Tax Exemption (ATE) reform in promoting inter-sectoral labor reallocation in China, which ended over two millennia of agricultural taxation on farmers. Our results show that the introduction of the ATE reform contributed to a significant increase in the share of non-agricultural workers. Mechanism analysis reveals that this reform encouraged capital investment among farmers and improved agricultural productivity, consequently displacing surplus agricultural workers. Further analysis shows that the labor reallocation induced by the reform had significantly increased employment and output within the secondary sector, although its effect on the tertiary sector was relatively minimal.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
4.90%
发文量
159
期刊介绍: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics publishes articles about theoretical, applied and methodological aspects of structural change in economic systems. The journal publishes work analysing dynamics and structural breaks in economic, technological, behavioural and institutional patterns.
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