A Sulfide-Based Solid Electrolyte With High Humid Air Tolerance for Long Lifespan All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries

Sulfide-based superionic conductors present great promise to achieve high energy density and safety for all-solid-state sodium batteries (ASSSBs). However, the poor electrolyte/electrode interface compatibility and humid air stability seriously hinder their deployment in ASSSBs. Herein, a series of high-performance Na_3-□Sb_1-4x(SnWCaTi)_xS₄ sulfide-based solid electrolytes (SSEs) are reported by coupling the vacancy effect with configurational entropy, which displays an excellent interface stability against sodium metal and an extraordinary tolerance toward the moist atmosphere, even for water. The optimized electrolyte effectively inhibits the detrimental mixed ion-electron conducting interphase formation, achieving the ultra-stable operation of Na–Na symmetric cell up to 1000 h. Furthermore, the Na⁺ diffusion kinetics is obviously enhanced by increasing the Na sites local anisotropy and Na vacancies. Eventually, the assembled TiS₂//Na₅Sn ASSSBs deliver a remarkable reversible capacity of 211.6 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5C with a long-term cycling performance of 450 cycles at room temperature. More importantly, it achieves a steady running up to 100 cycles at 1C even if this electrolyte is placed in the air with a dew temperature of 13.8 °C for 30 min, the highest values in the state-of-the-art sulfide-based ASSSBs. The well-designed SSEs open a new avenue for realizing the advanced and powerful ASSSBs.