Wentao Xiong, Weidong Tang, Gan Zhang, Yichen Yang, Yangning Fan, Ke Zhou, Chen Zou, Baodan Zhao, Dawei Di
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引用次数: 0
摘要
可靠地控制半导体的导电性及其极性是现代电子技术的核心1,2,3,4,5,6,7,并促成了包括二极管、晶体管、太阳能电池、光电探测器、发光二极管和半导体激光器在内的重要发明。对于硅和氮化镓等典型半导体来说,正(p)型和负(n)型导电性分别是通过在晶格中掺入电子接受元素和电子捐赠元素实现的1,2,3,4,5,6。卤化物过氧化物是一类新兴的半导体,目前尚未发现既能可靠控制电荷传导行为又能保持高光电品质的机制。在这里,我们报告了一种宽带隙过氧化物半导体的 p 型和 n 型特性可以通过加入具有强电子吸收能力的膦酸分子掺杂剂来调节。结果,p 型和 n 型样品的载流子浓度都超过了 1013 cm-3,霍尔系数从 -0.5 m3 C-1 (n 型)到 0.6 m3 C-1 (p 型)不等。观察到费米级在带隙上发生了移动。重要的是,在实现从 n 型到 p 型导电性转变的同时,还保持了 70% 至 85% 的高光致发光量子产率。由于可控掺杂在发射型透辉石半导体中,因此在结构简单的透辉石发光二极管中实现了超高亮度(超过 1.1 × 106 cd m-2)和卓越的外部量子效率(28.4%)。
Controllable p- and n-type behaviours in emissive perovskite semiconductors
Reliable control of the conductivity and its polarity in semiconductors is at the heart of modern electronics1–7, and has led to key inventions including diodes, transistors, solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes and semiconductor lasers. For archetypal semiconductors such as Si and GaN, positive (p)- and negative (n)-type conductivities are achieved through the doping of electron-accepting and electron-donating elements into the crystal lattices, respectively1–6. For halide perovskites, which are an emerging class of semiconductors, mechanisms for reliably controlling charge conduction behaviours while maintaining high optoelectronic qualities are yet to be discovered. Here we report that the p- and n-type characteristics in a wide-bandgap perovskite semiconductor can be adjusted by incorporating a phosphonic acid molecular dopant with strong electron-withdrawing abilities. The resultant carrier concentrations were more than 1013 cm−3 for the p- and n-type samples, with Hall coefficients ranging from −0.5 m3 C−1 (n-type) to 0.6 m3 C−1 (p-type). A shift of the Fermi level across the bandgap was observed. Importantly, the transition from n- to p-type conductivity was achieved while retaining high photoluminescence quantum yields of 70–85%. The controllable doping in the emissive perovskite semiconductor enabled the demonstration of ultrahigh brightness (more than 1.1 × 106 cd m−2) and exceptional external quantum efficiency (28.4%) in perovskite light-emitting diodes with a simple architecture. The charge carrier polarity and concentrations in an emissive perovskite semiconductor can be adjusted by incorporating a molecular dopant widely used for the passivation and structural control of optoelectronic perovskite materials.
期刊介绍:
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