埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区战后供水、环境卫生、个人卫生及相关疾病的状况:一项基于社区的横断面研究

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114460
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与水、环境卫生和个人卫生(WASH)相关的疾病仍然是一个全球公共卫生问题,并与可持续发展目标 6 相关联。2020 年 11 月,埃塞俄比亚提格雷爆发了一场战争,造成了不良的健康后果。关于战后讲卫生运动及其相关疾病的状况并无记载。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区战后饮用水、环境卫生和个人卫生习惯的状况以及与水、环境卫生和个人卫生相关疾病的发病率。我们在埃塞俄比亚提格雷随机选取的 24 个可到达的地区开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。研究采用标准化问卷向家庭收集数据。共收集了 2338 户家庭的数据。数据分析采用了描述性统计和二元逻辑回归。受访者的平均年龄为 28.7 岁(SD = 6.2)。大多数受访者为已婚,2030 人(86.8%),1698 人(72.6%)为农村居民。近三分之一的受访者未受过教育,约 40% 的受访者有收音机或电视作为通讯工具。超过半数(55.2%)的受访者家庭人口超过 5 人。四分之一(25%,95% CI:23.3, 26.8)的研究参与者能够获得基本供水。不到十分之一(7.7%,95% CI:6.6, 8.8)的家庭拥有基本的卫生设施。2%的家庭可以进行基本的洗手。疟疾、腹泻、皮肤感染和眼部感染是社区报告的常见疾病。婚姻状况、家庭规模、居住地和液体废物管理是预测报告疾病的最重要因素。获得基本水、环境卫生和个人卫生服务的比例较低,疟疾、腹泻和皮肤感染的发病率较高。不同地区和居住地(城市-农村)在讲卫生运动服务和报告疾病方面存在差异。战后,建议改善基本水、环境卫生和个人卫生服务,以预防埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区与水、环境卫生和个人卫生有关的疾病。此外,该国以预防为导向的政策需要更好地实施,以减少可预防的疾病,确保改善社区的健康状况。
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Post-war status of water supply, sanitation, hygiene and related reported diseases in Tigray, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) associated diseases remain a global public health issue and linked with Sustainable Development Goal 6. In November 2020, a war broke out in Tigray, Ethiopia, resulting in a negative health consequence. The post war status of WASH and its associated diseases are not documented. The aim of this study was to assess the status of drinking water, sanitation and hygiene practices and the prevalence of WASH-associated diseases in Tigray, Ethiopia following the war. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 randomly selected accessible districts of Tigray, Ethiopia. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data from households in the study. Data was collected from 2338 households. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The average age of respondents was 28.7 years (SD = 6.2). The majority of respondents 2030 (86.8%) were married and 1698 (72.6%) were rural residents. Nearly one third of the respondents were uneducated and around 40% have either radio or TV as means of communication. More than half (55.2%) of the respondents had a family size of over 5.

A quarter (25%, 95% CI: 23.3, 26.8) of study participants had access to a basic water supply. Less than a tenth (7.7%, 95% CI: 6.6, 8.8) of households had access to basic sanitation. Basic hand washing was available in 2% of households. Malaria, diarrhoea, skin infection and eye infection were the common reported disease in the community. Marital status, family size, place of residence and liquid waste management were the most important predictors of reported diseases.

Access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services was low, and the prevalence of malaria, diarrhoea and skin infections was higher. There were differences in WASH services and reported diseases according to zone and place of residence (urban-rural). Post war, improved access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services is recommended to prevent WASH-associated diseases in Tigray, Ethiopia. Furthermore, the prevention oriented policy of the country needs better implementation to reduce preventable diseases and ensure better health status in the community.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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