意大利 2012/2013 年至 2021/2022 年乙型流感/山形病毒流行情况表明潜在的毒系灭绝

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1111/irv.13359
Serena Marchi, Marco Bruttini, Giovanna Milano, Ilaria Manini, Maria Chironna, Elena Pariani, Alessandro Manenti, Otfried Kistner, Emanuele Montomoli, Nigel Temperton, Claudia Maria Trombetta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景 近年来,乙型/山形流感病毒表现出弱抗原选择,其流行率随时间推移而降低,自 2015 年以来无需更新疫苗成分。自 2020 年 3 月以来,迄今为止尚未分离到乙型/山形病毒或对其进行测序。 方法 调查了意大利当前 B/Yamagata 疫苗毒株的抗体流行情况:在 2012/2013 年至 2021/2022 年的每个流感季节,通过血凝抑制(HAI)法检测了 100 份针对 B/Phuket/3073/2013 株疫苗的人类血清样本。此外,还选取了在流感监测活动中分离出的 156 株 B/Yamagata 菌株的序列进行血凝素基因组片段分析。 结果 约有 61.9% 的人体样本显示出 HAI 抗体,21.7% 的人具有保护性抗体水平。从分离出该菌株到将其纳入疫苗期间,保护性抗体水平的流行率介于 11% 和 25% 之间,随后几年未观察到明显变化。随着流感大流行期间流感疫苗接种率的提高,2020/2021 年接种季节的抗体水平也出现了明显提高。序列分析表明,从 2014/2015 季度开始,在意大利流行的所有 B/Yamagata 株系都与 B/Phuket/2013 疫苗株系密切相关,仅显示出有限的氨基酸变异。 结论 在普通人群中观察到当前 B/Yamagata 疫苗株抗体的持续流行。长期使用匹配度较高的流感疫苗以及 B/Yamagata 病毒抗原多样性较低,可能导致 B/Yamagata 病毒的流通量大幅减少,从而有可能导致该毒株的消失。
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Prevalence of Influenza B/Yamagata Viruses From Season 2012/2013 to 2021/2022 in Italy as an Indication of a Potential Lineage Extinction

Background

Influenza B/Yamagata viruses exhibited weak antigenic selection in recent years, reducing their prevalence over time and requiring no update of the vaccine component since 2015. To date, no B/Yamagata viruses have been isolated or sequenced since March 2020.

Methods

The antibody prevalence against the current B/Yamagata vaccine strain in Italy was investigated: For each influenza season from 2012/2013 to 2021/2022, 100 human serum samples were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay against the vaccine strain B/Phuket/3073/2013. In addition, the sequences of 156 B/Yamagata strains isolated during the influenza surveillance activities were selected for analysis of the haemagglutinin genome segment.

Results

About 61.9% of the human samples showed HAI antibodies, and 21.7% had protective antibody levels. The prevalence of antibodies at protective levels in the seasons between the isolation of the strain and its inclusion in the vaccine was between 11% and 25%, with no significant changes observed in subsequent years. A significant increase was observed in the 2020/2021 season, in line with the increase in influenza vaccine uptake during the pandemic. Sequence analysis showed that from 2014/2015 season onward, all B/Yamagata strains circulating in Italy were closely related to the B/Phuket/2013 vaccine strain, showing only limited amino acid variation.

Conclusions

A consistent prevalence of antibodies to the current B/Yamagata vaccine strain in the general population was observed. The prolonged use of a well-matched influenza vaccine and a low antigenic diversity of B/Yamagata viruses may have facilitated a strong reduction in B/Yamagata circulation, potentially contributing to the disappearance of this lineage.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
120
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
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